Background. Social cognition deficits are a core feature of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and mood disorder, and deteriorate the functionality of patients. However, no definite strategy has been established to treat social cognition (eg, emotion recognition) impairments in these illnesses. Here, we provide a systematic review of the literature regarding transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of social cognition deficits in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Methods. A literature search was conducted on English articles identified by PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases, according to the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. We defined the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs), (2) targeting patients with psychiatric disorders (included in F20-F39 of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems [ICD-10]), (3) evaluating the effect of tDCS or rTMS, (4) reporting at least one standardized social cognition test. Results. Five papers (3 articles on tDCS and 2 articles on rTMS) met the inclusion criteria which deal with schizophrenia or depression. The significant effects of tDCS or rTMS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the emotion recognition domain were reported in patients with schizophrenia or depression. In addition, rTMS on the right inferior parietal lobe was shown to ameliorate social perception impairments of schizophrenia. Conclusions. tDCS and rTMS may enhance some domains of social cognition in patients with psychiatric disorders. Further research is warranted to identify optimal parameters to maximize the cognitive benefits of these neuromodulation methods.

背景。社会认知缺陷是精神疾病（如精神分裂症和情绪障碍）的核心特征，会损害患者的功能。然而，尚未建立明确的策略来治疗这些疾病中的社会认知（例如，情绪识别）障碍。在这里，我们对经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 和重复经颅磁刺激 (rTMS) 治疗精神疾病患者的社会认知缺陷的文献进行了系统评价。方法. 根据 PRISMA 声明的指南，对 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库确定的英文文章进行了文献检索。我们将纳入标准定义如下：(1) 随机对照试验 (RCT)，(2) 针对精神疾病患者（包括在第 10 版国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类 [ICD- 10])，(3) 评估 tDCS 或 rTMS 的效果，(4) 报告至少一项标准化的社会认知测试。结果. 五篇论文（3 篇关于 tDCS 的文章和 2 篇关于 rTMS 的文章）符合处理精神分裂症或抑郁症的纳入标准。在精神分裂症或抑郁症患者中报告了针对左背外侧前额叶皮层的 tDCS 或 rTMS 对情绪识别域的显着影响。此外，右下顶叶的 rTMS 显示可改善精神分裂症的社会感知障碍。结论。tDCS 和 rTMS 可能会增强精神疾病患者的某些社会认知领域。需要进一步研究以确定最佳参数，以最大限度地提高这些神经调节方法的认知益处。