To cope with various stress conditions, cells turn off house-keeping processes and turn on stress-protective pathways (Rabouille and Alberti, 2017). A successful strategy would also require cells to efficiently reactivate the essential cellular processes once the stress is over. In addition to activation of signaling events, recent studies have shown that formation of certain membraneless assemblies plays a role in stress adaptation (Rabouille and Alberti, 2017). One prominent type of these assemblies is stress granules (SGs), which are composed of translation-arrested messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and many RNA-binding proteins. The assembly of SGs and other ribonucleoprotein granules is driven by numerous interactions of RNA‒protein, protein‒protein, and RNA‒RNA molecules (Protter and Parker, 2016). Liquid‒liquid phase separation is now considered a key mechanism underlying the dynamic and reversible features of these assemblies, which may facilitate the rapid recovery of the molecular activities after stress (Franzmann et al., 2018).

中文翻译：

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m1A 修饰的 mRNA 颗粒通过细胞应激保护其功能

为了应对各种压力条件，细胞会关闭内务处理过程并开启压力保护途径（Rabouille 和 Alberti，2017）。一个成功的策略还需要细胞在压力结束后有效地​​重新激活基本的细胞过程。除了激活信号事件外，最近的研究表明，某些无膜组件的形成在压力适应中发挥作用（Rabouille 和 Alberti，2017）。这些组件的一种突出类型是应力颗粒 (SG)，它由翻译受阻的信使 RNA (mRNA) 和许多 RNA 结合蛋白组成。SGs 和其他核糖核蛋白颗粒的组装是由 RNA-蛋白质、蛋白质-蛋白质和 RNA-RNA 分子的众多相互作用驱动的（Protter 和 Parker，2016）。