ABSTRACT

This article aims to draw attention to the way in which a subset of reactive attitudes make us less free. Vasubandhu’s explanation of reactive attitudes (kleśas) shows us how they make us less free, as well as how they cause us to act wrongly. They do this by binding us and narrowing our attention. The kind of freedom that reactive attitudes take away is our ability to pay attention to what matters. When we have attentional freedom, we are free to choose amongst the options that matter; when we lack attentional freedom, we are not free to do so. According to P.F. Strawson, reactive attitudes provide us with a ground for moral responsibility because they are a part of our humanity. However, Strawson does not consider the way that reactive attitudes make us less free, nor the implications that arise from this fact. This article addresses both of these omissions.

摘要

本文旨在引起人们注意反应性态度的子集使我们减少自由的方式。瓦苏潘杜（Vasubandhu）对反应态度（kleśas）的解释向我们展示了它们如何使我们失去自由，以及它们如何使我们做出错误的举动。他们通过约束我们并缩小我们的注意力来做到这一点。反应性态度带走的那种自由是我们关注重要事情的能力。当我们拥有注意力自由时，我们可以自由地选择重要的选项。当我们缺乏注意力自由，我们并非没有这样做的权利。PF Strawson认为，反应性态度为我们提供了道德责任的基础，因为它们是我们人类的一部分。但是，斯特劳森没有考虑被动态度使我们减少自由的方式，也没有考虑到这一事实所带来的影响。本文解决了这两个遗漏。