Abstract

Questions about the definition of winter sports (and what ‘winter’ means) are central to interpretations and understandings of Olympic Winter Games. The Olympic Charter gives the current International Olympic Committee (IOC) definition: ‘only those sports which are practised on snow or ice are considered as winter sports’. This is a very narrow and non-global definition, referring only to those sports that might rather be called ‘cold sports’, sometimes conventionally understood also as outdoor sports. The IOC’s narrow definition of winter sports limits the size of the games and undermines the values of universalism and internationality and thereby also inclusion. A non-global and non-inclusive definition of these sports does not cohere with these central values of the Olympic movement, as stated in its Charter.

摘要

有关冬季运动的定义（以及“冬季”的含义）的问题对于解释和理解冬季奥运会至关重要。奥林匹克宪章给出了国际奥林匹克委员会（IOC）当前的定义：“只有那些在雪或冰上进行的运动才被视为冬季运动”。这是一个非常狭and且非全球性的定义，仅指那些可能被称为“冷运动”的运动，有时通常也称为户外运动。国际奥委会对冬季运动的狭义定义限制了奥运会的规模，破坏了普遍主义和国际性的价值，因此也将其纳入。如其宪章所述，对这些体育运动的非全球性和非包容性定义与奥林匹克运动的这些核心价值观并不一致。