While crowdsourcing may strengthen a company's innovation performance, it is only rarely embedded in organizations as an innovation practice. Our action research shows that organizations often struggle with crowdsourcing projects as they represent a different form of innovation projects and require additional capabilities and skills e.g., to frame a crowd challenge, deal with IP rights, manage the crowd, or integrate the vast input into innovation projects. To overcome these problems, organizations have to invest in project-led learning to establish easy-to-use templates and routines e.g., to handle offered incentives or the applied winner selection processes. They further need to enable business-led learning as the established innovation structures, processes, and management practices do not cope with crowdsourcing projects and present some rigidities causing high coordination efforts. Organizations that are willing to run a number of consecutive crowdsourcing projects may rapidly improve their capabilities and even come up with scalable crowdsourcing services. Our findings further suggest that crowdsourcing, digital platforms, artificial intelligence, and as-a-service approaches may also add to general project capability building.

尽管众包可以增强公司的创新绩效，但很少将其作为创新实践嵌入组织中。我们的行动研究表明，组织经常代表众包项目，因为它们代表了不同形式的创新项目，并且需要额外的功能和技能，例如，构成人群挑战，处理知识产权，管理人群或将大量投入整合到创新中项目。为了克服这些问题，组织必须在项目主导的学习上进行投资，以建立易于使用的模板和例程，例如，处理提供的激励措施或适用的获奖者选择过程。他们还需要按照既定的创新结构，流程，和管理实践无法应对众包项目，并且存在一些僵化现象，导致需要高度协调。愿意运行多个连续的众包项目的组织可能会迅速提高其能力，甚至会提供可扩展的众包服务。我们的发现进一步表明，众包，数字平台，人工智能和即服务方法也可能会增加一般项目的能力建设。