Abstract

This updated systematic review assesses the effects of pharmacological interventions for drug-using offenders.

Methods

Systematic review protocols and conventions of the Cochrane Collaboration were followed to identify eligible studies. Studies were pooled in a meta-analysis to assess the impact of pharmacological interventions on drug use and criminal activity. An economic appraisal was conducted.

Results

The search strategies identified 22 studies containing 4372 participants. Meta-analyses revealed a small statistically significant mean difference favouring pharmacological interventions relative to psychological interventions in reducing drug use and criminal activity. When comparing the drugs to one another there were no significant differences between those included (methadone versus buprenorphine, naltrexone and cyclazocine).

Conclusion

Overall, the findings of this review suggest that methadone and naltrexone may have some impact on reducing drug use and reincarceration. Individual pharmacological drugs had differing (generally non-significant) effects. One study identified serious adverse events. Three studies reported cost and consequences information sufficient to conduct a full economic analysis but this was not comprehensive enough to be able to make judgements across all treatment options. Full economic analyses should be encouraged. The study findings were limited mainly to male adult offenders.

中文翻译：

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吸毒罪犯的药理干预：系统评价和荟萃分析的更新

摘要

这项更新的系统评价评估了药物干预对吸毒罪犯的影响。

方法

遵循Cochrane合作的系统评价协议和惯例来确定合格的研究。将研究汇总到荟萃分析中，以评估药理干预措施对毒品使用和犯罪活动的影响。进行了经济评估。

结果

搜索策略确定了22个研究，涉及4372名参与者。荟萃分析显示，与心理干预相比，在减少毒品使用和犯罪活动方面，偏爱药理干预的统计学差异显着小。将药物相互比较时，所含药物之间没有显着差异（美沙酮与丁丙诺啡，纳曲酮和环唑嗪）。

结论

总体而言，该评价的结果表明美沙酮和纳曲酮可能对减少药物使用和再入狱有一定影响。个别药理药物的作用不同（通常不显着）。一项研究发现了严重的不良事件。三项研究报告的费用和后果信息足以进行全面的经济分析，但还不够全面，无法对所有治疗方案做出判断。应鼓励进行全面的经济分析。研究结果主要限于成年男性罪犯。