Anthropogenic emissions alter biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from naturally emitted volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). We review the major laboratory and field findings with regard to effects of anthropogenic pollutants (NO_x, anthropogenic aerosols, SO₂, NH₃) on biogenic SOA formation. NO_x participate in BVOC oxidation through changing the radical chemistry and oxidation capacity, leading to a complex SOA composition and yield sensitivity towards NO_x level for different or even specific hydrocarbon precursors. Anthropogenic aerosols act as an important intermedium for gas—particle partitioning and particle-phase reactions, processes of which are influenced by the particle phase state, acidity, water content and thus associated with biogenic SOA mass accumulation. SO₂ modifies biogenic SOA formation mainly through sulfuric acid formation and accompanies new particle formation and acid-catalyzed heterogeneous reactions. Some new SO₂-involved mechanisms for organosulfate formation have also been proposed. NH₃/amines, as the most prevalent base species in the atmosphere, influence biogenic SOA composition and modify the optical properties of SOA. The response of SOA formation behavior to these anthropogenic pollutants varies among different BVOCs precursors. Investigations on anthropogenic—biogenic interactions in some areas of China that are simultaneously influenced by anthropogenic and biogenic emissions are summarized. Based on this review, some recommendations are made for a more accurate assessment of controllable biogenic SOA formation and its contribution to the total SOA budget. This study also highlights the importance of controlling anthropogenic pollutant emissions with effective pollutant mitigation policies to reduce regional and global biogenic SOA formation.