The focus of this article is the recently published, near-duplicate ARSUZ inscriptions carved on two stelae found near İskenderun in southeastern Turkey and dating to the later tenth century BC. Particular attention is given to the historical section of these inscriptions, and its reference to a land called Hiyawa (Assyrian Que) in eastern Cilicia, previously attested in only one other Iron Age inscription, the Luwian-Phoenician bilingual found at Çineköy near Adana. The article discusses what new information can be deduced about Hiyawa, including its relationship with the land of Adana(wa) in eastern Cilicia, the implications to be drawn from the findspot of the stelae and the much-debated question of whether the references to Hiyawa reflect Greek settlement in southeastern Anatolia during the Early Iron Age. Fresh attention is also given to the two Akkadian texts from the archives of Late Bronze Age Ugarit which refer to a group called the Hiyawa-men, who were located at that time (late 13th to early 12th century) in Lukka in southwestern Anatolia. The controversial identification of this group with Ahhiyawans/Mycenaean Greeks is re-examined within the broader context of a comprehensive reconsideration of the Ahhiyawa-Hiyawa equation and the role played by ‘Hiyawans’ and the land of Hiyawa in the affairs of the eastern Mediterranean world from the end of the Bronze Age through the succeeding Iron Age.

中文翻译：

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重访桧瓦（阙）之地

本文的重点是最近出版的、几乎重复的 ARSUZ 铭文，刻在土耳其东南部 İskenderun 附近发现的两块石碑上，可追溯到公元前 10 世纪后期。特别注意这些铭文的历史部分，其中提到了位于西里西亚东部的一块名为 Hiyawa（亚述阙）的土地，此前仅在另一个铁器时代铭文中得到证实，即在阿达纳附近的 Çineköy 发现的卢维-腓尼基双语文字。文章讨论了可以推断出关于 Hiyawa 的哪些新信息，包括它与东西里西亚阿达纳（佤邦）土地的关系，从石碑的发现地点得出的含义以及备受争议的问题，即是否提到了 Hiyawa反映了早期铁器时代安纳托利亚东南部的希腊定居点。来自青铜时代晚期乌加里特档案的两篇阿卡德文本也受到了新的关注，这些文本提到了当时（13 世纪末至 12 世纪初）位于安纳托利亚西南部卢卡的一个名为 Hiyawa 人的群体。在全面重新考虑 Ahhiyawa-Hiyawa 方程以及“Hiyawans”和 Hiyawa 土地在东地中海世界事务中所起的作用的更广泛的背景下，重新审视了该群体与 Ahhiyawans/迈锡尼希腊人的争议性认定从青铜时代末期到随后的铁器时代。