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Spires and Cathedrals
Religion and the Arts Pub Date : 2018-02-16 , DOI: 10.1163/15685292-02201005
Gregg Heitschmidt 1
Affiliation  

In the latter half of the nineteenth century, especially between 1859 and 1872, Union officers and enlisted men, scientists and explorers, artists and writers traveled westward. Surveyors appraised and mapped; expeditionary members explored and then wrote, hoping to convey the wonders they had witnessed. The western wilderness was an enormous expanse, one that as easily represented commercial possibilities as it did a new ideal. Nevertheless, the western wilderness also mesmerized and inspired, provoking a type of awe and wonderment in its languorous canyons, exploding fumaroles, bubbling hot springs, and soaring granite spires. From the Rockies to the Sawtooths, from the Cascades to the Tetons, the mountains of the American West mystified and hypnotized those who saw them. The Sierra Nevadas, in particular, became the locus for artists and writers. Their paintings and publications, in turn, inspired entire groups to travel to the Yosemite Valley in order to ponder the sublime beauties of Nature found there. Through the paintings and sketches of Albert Bierstadt and Thomas Moran, and through the meticulous journal entries and travel narratives of Clarence King and John Muir—whose work as a Naturalist eventually helped establish the Valley as a National Park—Yosemite captured the imagination of the American people, as its spires, cliffs, and waterfalls had been artistically transformed from mere tourist destinations into sites of divine revelation.

中文翻译:

尖顶和大教堂

在19世纪下半叶,尤其是在1859年和1872年之间,联盟军官和应征人员,科学家和探险家,艺术家和作家向西旅行。验船师进行评估和制图;探险队成员进行了探索,然后写信,希望传达他们亲眼所见的奇观。西部旷野是一片广阔的土地,它既代表着新的理想又很容易代表商业可能性。然而,西部荒野也令人着迷和启发,在其绵延的峡谷中激起一种敬畏和惊奇,爆炸的喷气孔,冒泡的温泉和高耸的花岗岩尖塔。从落基山脉到锯齿山脉,从喀斯喀特山脉到蒂顿山脉,美国西部的山脉使看到它们的人迷惑不解并被催眠。内华达山脉,尤其是 成为艺术家和作家的所在地。反过来,他们的绘画和出版物启发了整个团队前往优胜美地山谷,以思考那里发现的崇高自然美景。通过阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特(Albert Bierstadt)和托马斯·莫兰(Thomas Moran)的绘画和素描,以及克拉伦斯·金和约翰·缪尔(Clarence King)和约翰·缪尔(John Muir)的细致日记条目和旅行叙事,后者作为博物学家的工作最终帮助建立了山谷国家公园-约塞米蒂抓住了美国人的想象力人们将其尖顶,悬崖和瀑布从艺术上从单纯的旅游目的地转变为神圣启示的场所。
更新日期:2018-02-16
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