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Deindustrialization, the Linwood Car Plant and Scotland’s Political Divergence from England in the 1960s and 1970s
Twentieth Century British History Pub Date : 2019-03-20 , DOI: 10.1093/tcbh/hwz005
Jim Phillips 1 , Valerie Wright 1 , Jim Tomlinson 1
Affiliation  

Scotland's political divergence from England is a key theme in late twentieth century British history. Typically seen in terms of the post-1979 Thatcher effect, this in fact developed over a longer timeframe, rooted in industrial changes revealed by analysis of the Linwood car plant in Renfrewshire. Conservatism and Unionism was an eminent political force in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s. But in all general elections from 1959 onwards the vote share of Conservative and Unionist candidates was lower in Scotland than in England. From the late 1960s onwards there were also ambitions for constitutional change. This article breaks new conceptual and empirical ground by relating these important markers of political divergence to popular understanding among Scottish workers of deindustrialization. A Thompsonian moral economy framework is deployed. Expectations were elevated by industrial restructuring from the 1950s, with workers exchanging jobs in the staples for a better future in assembly goods. Labour governments earned a reputation in Scotland as better managers of this process than Conservative governments. The 1979 general election showed that Labourism was growing in popularity in Scotland just as its appeal faded in England. At Linwood moral economy expectations were compromised, chiefly by intermittent redundancy and recurrent threat of closure, which was averted in 1975 by Labour government intervention. When the plant was shut in 1981 criticisms of UK political-constitutional structures and Conservativism were intensified.

中文翻译:

去工业化、林伍德汽车厂和 1960 年代和 1970 年代苏格兰与英格兰的政治分歧

苏格兰与英格兰的政治分歧是 20 世纪后期英国历史的一个关键主题。通常以 1979 年之后的撒切尔效应来看,这实际上是在更长的时间范围内发展起来的,植根于对伦弗鲁郡林伍德汽车厂的分析所揭示的工业变化。保守主义和统一主义是 1940 年代和 1950 年代苏格兰的一支杰出的政治力量。但在 1959 年以后的所有大选中,苏格兰的保守党和统一党候选人的得票率都低于英格兰。从 1960 年代后期开始,也有修改宪法的雄心。本文通过将政治分歧的这些重要标志与苏格兰工人对去工业化的普遍理解联系起来,开辟了新的概念和经验基础。部署了汤普森道德经济框架。1950 年代以来的工业重组提高了人们的期望,工人在主要产品中交换工作以换取组装产品的更美好未来。工党政府在苏格兰赢得了比保守党政府更好的管理这一过程的声誉。1979 年的大选表明,劳工主义在苏格兰越来越受欢迎,同时它在英格兰的吸引力逐渐减弱。在林伍德,道德经济预期受到损害,主要是由于间歇性裁员和反复出现的关闭威胁,1975 年工党政府干预避免了这种情况。1981 年工厂关闭后,对英国政治宪法结构和保守主义的批评愈演愈烈。工党政府在苏格兰赢得了比保守党政府更好的管理这一过程的声誉。1979 年的大选表明,劳工主义在苏格兰越来越受欢迎,而与此同时,它在英格兰的吸引力逐渐减弱。在林伍德,道德经济预期受到损害,主要是由于间歇性裁员和反复出现的关闭威胁,1975 年工党政府干预避免了这种情况。1981 年工厂关闭后,对英国政治宪法结构和保守主义的批评愈演愈烈。工党政府在苏格兰赢得了比保守党政府更好的管理这一过程的声誉。1979 年的大选表明,劳工主义在苏格兰越来越受欢迎,而与此同时,它在英格兰的吸引力逐渐减弱。在林伍德,道德经济预期受到损害,主要是由于间歇性裁员和反复出现的关闭威胁,1975 年工党政府干预避免了这种情况。1981 年工厂关闭后,对英国政治宪法结构和保守主义的批评愈演愈烈。主要是由于间歇性裁员和经常性关闭威胁,1975 年工党政府干预避免了这种情况。1981 年工厂关闭后,对英国政治宪法结构和保守主义的批评愈演愈烈。主要是由于间歇性裁员和经常性关闭威胁,1975 年工党政府干预避免了这种情况。1981 年工厂关闭后,对英国政治宪法结构和保守主义的批评愈演愈烈。
更新日期:2019-03-20
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