The associative chain between the personality of Joseph Stalin and his role in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 remains stable among the historical consciousness of Russians from the end of the war until now. Traditionally, high schools devote a large amount of time to study the history of the war, including a range of the events dedicated to remembering the war. As a result, a stable and positive attitude toward the war and its significance to the Russian nation has been achieved, while the attitude toward Stalin remains ambivalent, ranging from assessing him as a perpetrator, who initiated genocide and terror against Soviet people, to national hero and great ruler, who led the country to victory. In 2017, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation introduced three new national history textbooks based on the single goal of teaching Russian history in schools, but in practice has actually returned history back to a uniform standardized historical education across the country, similar to the Soviet education system. In this regard, the historical comparative research based on content analysis of Soviet, Russian, and newly issued textbooks is deemed topical and aimed to track the evolution of the image of Stalin and to understand how the historical representation of Stalin and his war policy has changed over the last 70 years in school education. There is also the goal of identifying the main reasons for the diverse attitudes toward Stalin currently inherent in different generations and rooted in stable ambivalent assessments of his war policy among Soviet and post-Soviet Russian society.

中文翻译：

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重新思考战争史：苏联和俄罗斯历史教科书中对 1941 年至 1945 年卫国战争期间斯大林及其政策表述的演变

约瑟夫·斯大林的人格与其在 1941 年至 1945 年卫国战争中的角色之间的关联链在俄罗斯人的历史意识中从战争结束到现在一直保持稳定。传统上，高中会投入大量时间来研究战争的历史，包括一系列旨在纪念战争的事件。因此，人们对战争及其对俄罗斯民族的意义形成了稳定和积极的态度，而对斯大林的态度仍然矛盾，从将他视为对苏联人民发动种族灭绝和恐怖的肇事者，到国家带领国家走向胜利的英雄和伟大的统治者。2017 年，俄罗斯联邦教育部本着在学校教授俄罗斯历史的单一目标，推出了三本新的国家历史教科书，但在实践中实际上将历史回归到全国统一标准化的历史教育，类似于苏联的教育体系. 对此，基于对苏联、俄罗斯和新出版教科书内容分析的历史比较研究被视为专题，旨在追踪斯大林形象的演变，了解斯大林的历史表征及其战争政策是如何变化的。在过去 70 年的学校教育中。