The goal of this article is to introduce readers to theories, tools, and evidence from the field of neuroeconomics and to describe how health psychology and neuroeconomics can be mutually informative in the study of preventative health behaviors. Preventative health behavior here refers to both individual actions that impact one's health (e.g., exercise) and broader behavioral patterns, such as those captured in personality constructs. Although neuroeconomic researchers have begun to incorporate health-relevant behaviors into their studies, the full potential of this research to inform preventative health models is as yet unrealized. What is needed to "translate up" is the unification of rich theoretical content from health psychology with investigations by neuroeconomic researchers of the decision-making process during health-relevant choices. We identify choice as a central, shared feature across models of preventative health behavior that can serve as an inroad for neuroeconomics to contribute to existing models and highlight commonalities that might not otherwise be apparent. A central premise of our argument is that, because health decisions are nearly always multiply determined, a more precise and mechanistic understanding of how choices are made is an important but understudied topic in health psychology. A partnership between health psychologists and neuroeconomic researchers can yield valuable insights into how preventative health choice is made and to identify targets and methods for intervention.

中文翻译：

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神经经济学，健康心理学和预防性健康行为的跨学科研究

本文的目的是向读者介绍神经经济学领域的理论，工具和证据，并描述健康心理学和神经经济学如何在预防性健康行为的研究中相互借鉴。这里的预防性健康行为既指影响一个人健康的个体行为（例如运动），又指更广泛的行为模式，例如在人格建构中捕获的行为。尽管神经经济学研究人员已开始将与健康相关的行为纳入其研究，但该研究为预防性健康模型提供信息的全部潜力尚未实现。需要什么来“翻译” 是神经心理学研究人员对与健康相关的选择过程中决策过程的调查，是健康心理学丰富理论内容的统一。我们将选择确定为预防性健康行为模型之间的主要共享特征，这可以作为神经经济学为现有模型做出贡献的途径，并强调否则可能不显而易见的共性。我们争论的一个中心前提是，由于健康决策几乎总是被多重决定的，因此，关于如何做出选择的更精确，更机械的理解是健康心理学中一个重要但未被研究的话题。健康心理学家和神经经济学研究者之间的合作关系可以就如何做出预防性健康选择以及确定干预目标和方法产生宝贵的见解。