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Unequal Opportunity? Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in the Returns to Internal U.S. Migration
Social Currents Pub Date : 2019-08-16 , DOI: 10.1177/2329496519869339
Christine Leibbrand 1
Affiliation  

Internal U.S. migration plays an important role in increasing individuals’ access to economic and social opportunities. At the same time, race, ethnicity, and gender have frequently shaped the opportunities and obstacles individuals face. It is therefore likely that the returns to internal migration are also shaped by race, ethnicity, and gender, though we have relatively little knowledge of whether this is the case for contemporary internal U.S. migration. To explore this possibility, I use restricted, geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data from 1979 to 2012. I find that white men gain the most economically from migrating, relative to black and Latino men. For women, migration is associated with stable or narrower racial and ethnic disparities in economic outcomes, with Latina women experiencing the largest economic benefits associated with migration and with black and white women exhibiting comparable economic returns to migration. Together, these findings indicate that migration may maintain or even narrow racial/ethnic disparities in economic outcomes among women, but widen them among men.

中文翻译:

机会不均?美国国内移民回返中的种族,种族和性别差异

美国国内移民在增加个人获得经济和社会机会方面起着重要作用。同时,种族,种族和性别经常影响着个人面临的机会和障碍。因此,尽管我们对当代美国内部移民是否存在这种情况知之甚少,但内部移民的回报也可能受到种族,种族和性别的影响。为了探索这种可能性,我使用了受限制的地理编码的1979年至2012年全国青年纵向调查数据。我发现,相对于黑人和拉丁美洲人,白人从移民中获得的经济效益最高。对于妇女而言,移徙与经济成果中稳定的或缩小的种族和族裔差距有关,拉美妇女从移民中获得最大的经济收益,而黑人和白人妇女在移民方面则具有可比的经济回报。这些发现加在一起表明,移徙可能会维持甚至缩小妇女在经济成果方面的种族/种族差异,但会扩大男子之间的差异。
更新日期:2019-08-16
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