We apply experimental data to identify contexts in which Russian aspect is categorically determined (‘categorical contexts’) and contexts in which both aspects can appear (‘overlapping contexts’). Traditional analyses suggest that these contexts are distinct and that certain features are typical for each type of context. Such analyses tend to rely on constructed examples typically consisting of a single sentence. Our experiment, by contrast, is based on extensive (over 1100 words each) authentic texts (created by and for native Russians), and the identification of contexts is not a priori, but emerges from contexts normed by over 500 native speakers. We present two main findings: 1) the distinction between categorical contexts and overlapping contexts is scalar, not discrete; and 2) a multitude of factors distinguish the two types of contexts, modality in particular is prominent in overlapping contexts, a factor that has received little prior attention. Our data both confirms and significantly extends previous analyses by presenting empirically justified factors that distinguish categorical from overlapping contexts.

中文翻译：

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俄语中的对立和竞争并不离散：来自实验数据的新证据

我们应用实验数据来识别俄罗斯方面被分类确定的上下文（“分类上下文”）和两个方面都可以出现的上下文（“重叠上下文”）。传统分析表明，这些上下文是不同的，并且某些特征对于每种类型的上下文都是典型的。这种分析往往依赖于通常由单个句子组成的构建示例。相比之下，我们的实验基于广泛的（每个超过 1100 个单词）真实文本（由俄语母语者创建并为母语者创建），并且上下文的识别不是先验的，而是从 500 多个母语者规范的上下文中出现的。我们提出了两个主要发现：1）分类上下文和重叠上下文之间的区别是标量的，而不是离散的；和 2) 众多因素区分了两种类型的上下文，模态在重叠的上下文中尤为突出，而这一因素之前很少受到关注。我们的数据通过展示区分分类上下文和重叠上下文的经验证明因素，既证实了又显着扩展了先前的分析。