The movement of New Realism, which in Italy has been launched by Maurizio Ferraris, is conceived explicitly in opposition to Kant. In his defense of the distinction between ontology and epistemology, Ferraris starts from the presupposition that it is Kant himself who is responsible for their confusion because of his transcendental philosophy and its consequent constructionism. In this paper I will defend Kant’s perspective, explaining his reasons (or his concept of reason), even against Meillasoux’s “speculative realism.” The basic idea is that Kant’s transcendental philosophy requires a new philosophical attitude, which implies a shift from reality to possibility as the fundamental philosophical category, since only possibility enables a critical perspective on reality.

中文翻译：

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现实与可能性：康德对新现实主义的辩护

由毛里齐奥·费拉里斯在意大利发起的新现实主义运动的构想是明确反对康德的。在为本体论和认识论之间的区别辩护时，费拉里斯首先假设康德本人要为他们的混乱负责，因为他的先验哲学及其随之而来的建构主义。在这篇论文中，我将捍卫康德的观点，解释他的理由（或他的理性概念），甚至反对 Meil​​lasoux 的“思辨实在论”。其基本思想是康德的先验哲学需要一种新的哲学态度，这意味着从现实到可能性作为基本哲学范畴的转变，因为只有可能性才能对现实进行批判性的透视。