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Virtue’s Embodied Malleability: the Plasticity of Habit and the Double-Law of Habituation
Philosophy of Management Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s40926-020-00132-2
Michael Pedersen , Stephen Dunne

This paper urges contemporary Business Ethicists to reconsider the relationship between habit and virtue in the light of recent debates between contemporary philosophers and scientists. Synthesizing insights from current Neuroscience, from twentieth century American Pragmatism and from nineteenth century French Aristotelianism, this emergent intellectual tradition proposes a dynamic account of habit’s embodiment which we will first describe and then advocate. Two recurring suggestions within this habit renaissance are of particular relevance to Business Ethicists: firstly, that there is a ‘plastic’ structure pertaining to habit and, secondly, that there is a processual ‘double-law of habituation’. Taken together, these accounts of habit and habituation provide virtue ethicists with a basis for claiming analytic and pragmatic authority within applied ethics debates in general and within Business Ethics debates in particular. We develop this argument in three steps. Firstly, we elaborate upon why habits are said to be plastic and why the process of habituation is said to be characterised by a double-law. Secondly, we distinguish this account of habit’s relationship to virtue from, and where necessary defend it against, the influential articulations of the habit: virtue relationship provided by situationism, by deontology and by communitarianism, respectively. Finally, we draw practical lessons from the initial elaborations made in the argument’s first step, and the subsequent clarifications provided in its second step, by announcing seven characteristics of highly effective virtue habituation projects.

中文翻译:

美德的具身延展性:习惯的可塑性和习惯的双重法则

本文敦促当代商业伦理学家根据当代哲学家和科学家之间最近的争论重新考虑习惯与美德之间的关系。综合了当前神经科学、20 世纪美国实用主义和 19 世纪法国亚里士多德主义的见解,这种新兴的知识传统提出了对习惯体现的动态描述,我们将首先描述然后提倡。在这种习惯复兴中,有两个反复出现的建议与商业伦理学家特别相关:首先,存在与习惯有关的“可塑性”结构,其次,存在一个过程性的“习惯双重法则”。综合起来,这些习惯和习惯的描述为美德伦理学家提供了在一般的应用伦理辩论中,特别是在商业伦理辩论中声称分析和实用权威的基础。我们分三步展开这个论证。首先,我们详细说明为什么习惯被认为是可塑性的,为什么习惯化的过程被认为具有双重规律。其次,我们将习惯与美德关系的这种解释与习惯的有影响力的表述区分开来,并在必要时为它辩护:分别由情境主义、义务论和社群主义提供的美德关系。最后,我们从论证第一步中的初步阐述以及第二步中提供的后续澄清中汲取实际经验教训,
更新日期:2020-03-03
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