Richard Oastler (1789-1861), the immensely popular and fiery orator who campaigned for factory reform and for the abolition of the new poor law in the 1830s and 1840s, has been relatively neglected by political historians. Few historians, however, have questioned his toryism. As this article suggests, labelling Oastler an ‘ultra-tory’ or a ‘Church and State Tory’ obscures more than it reveals. There were also radical strands in Oastler’s ideology. There has been a tendency amongst Oastler’s biographers to treat him as unique. By comparing Oastler with other tories – Sadler, Southey and the young Disraeli – as well as radicals like Cobbett, this article locates him much more securely amongst his contemporaries. His range of interests were much broader (and more radical) than the historiographical concentration on factory and poor law reform suggests. While there were periods when Oastler’s toryism (or radicalism) was more apparent, one of the most consistent aspects of his political career was a distaste for party politics. Far from being unique or a maverick, Oastler personified the pervasive anti-party sentiments held by the working classes, which for all the historiographical attention paid to popular radicalism and other non-party movements still tends to get lost in narratives of the ‘rise of party’.

中文翻译：

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理查德·奥斯特勒 (Richard Oastler)，托利党、激进主义和党的局限性，c .1807-46

理查德·奥斯特勒 (Richard Oastler，1789-1861 年) 是一位广受欢迎且热情洋溢的演说家，他在 1830 年代和 1840 年代为工厂改革和废除新贫民法而进行了竞选，但相对而言却被政治历史学家忽视了。然而，很少有历史学家质疑他的保守主义。正如这篇文章所暗示的那样，给 Oastler 贴上“极端保守党”或“教会和国家保守党”的标签所掩盖的比它揭示的要多。奥斯特勒的意识形态中也有激进的倾向。在 Oastler 的传记作者中，有一种倾向认为他是独一无二的。通过将奥斯特勒与其他保守党——萨德勒、绍西和年轻的迪斯雷利——以及像科贝特这样的激进分子进行比较，这篇文章将他置于他的同时代人中更加安全。他的兴趣范围比对工厂和糟糕的法律改革的历史学集中要广泛得多（也更激进）。虽然有时奥斯特勒的保守主义（或激进主义）更为明显，但他政治生涯中最一致的方面之一是对政党政治的厌恶。Oastler 远非独特或特立独行，而是体现了工人阶级普遍存在的反党情绪，尽管对流行激进主义和其他无党运动的所有史学关注仍然倾向于迷失在“崛起”的叙述中。派对'。