Abstract The present article studies verbs that are used to convey change-of-state in the Finnic languages: “to come”, “to go”, “to remain/stay”, “to get”, “will be”, “to make/do”, and “to be born/give birth”. These are polysemous core verbs, which can be expected to be integrated in constructions with (new) generalized grammatical meaning. As will be shown, in order to convey change-of-state typically they occur in constructions that either mark the goal and the source or leave both unmarked. In addition, change can be associated with experiential, existential, and possessive constructions, which also enable to shed more light on the development of the above-mentioned verbs, including the possible development change-of-state → future. The article demonstrates that each Finnic language uses several verbs from the list presented above, but there are differences in what are the most commonly used ones and in what kind of constructions they occur. In some languages, there is a general change-of-state verb, which also appears as a future copula if there is no competing future copula. In the case of Estonian, Finnish, and Livonian, the results of previous studies on change-of-state predicates were used; for the other Finnic languages, a separate data set was compiled using various collections of texts.

中文翻译：

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状态改变在芬兰语言中的表达

摘要本文研究了用于表达芬兰语中的状态变化的动词：“来”，“去”，“保持/停留”，“去”，“将”，“去”做/做”和“要出生/生育”。这些是多义性核心动词，可以预期将它们整合到具有（新）广义语法含义的结构中。如将要显示的那样，为了传达状态变化，通常它们发生在标记目标和源或未标记两者的构造中。另外，变化可以与经验的，存在的和所有格的结构相关联，这也使我们能够更多地了解上述动词的发展，包括可能的发展状态→未来。本文演示了每种Finnic语言都使用了上面列出的几个动词，但是最常用的是什么以及它们发生在哪种结构上却有所不同。在某些语言中，有一个通用的状态变化动词，如果没有将来的对位动词，它也会作为将来的动词出现。在爱沙尼亚语，芬兰语和利沃尼亚语的情况下，使用了先前关于状态变化谓词的研究结果。对于其他Finnic语言，则使用各种文本集合来编译单独的数据集。