This article studies historical narratives about Hygelac’s failed raid in Frisia as analogues for the representation of the king’s treasure in Beowulf. Though the poet alters the raid’s sequence of events, he preserves the chief circumstances and major themes present in accounts of the attack, which strongly suggests that he knew a narrative about it not unlike what we find in historiography, and focuses on the treasure to illustrate a past rife with quarreling, as conflict revolves around Hygelac’s necklace. Furthermore, the author of Beowulf elaborated on the mobility of this treasure to compose a poem, which, if it cannot be called epic, has epic pretensions.

中文翻译：

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海格拉克在史学和诗歌中的突袭：国王的项链和贝奥武夫作为“史诗”

本文研究了关于海格拉克在弗里西亚突袭失败的历史叙述，作为在贝奥武夫中表现国王宝藏的类似物。虽然诗人改变了袭击事件的顺序，但他保留了袭击事件中的主要情况和主要主题，这有力地表明他知道一种与我们在史学中发现的不同的叙述，并专注于宝藏来说明过去充满了争吵，因为冲突围绕着 Hygelac 的项链。此外，《贝奥武夫》的作者详细阐述了这件宝物的流动性来创作一首诗，如果它不能被称为史诗，那么它具有史诗的伪装。