I argue that theoretical developments in the study of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) should occur alongside progress in moral psychology, particularly moral cognition. More specifically, I argue that Universal Moral Grammar (UMG), a model positing an innate, regulative, and universal moral faculty characterizable in terms of rules and principles, fulfills the role of the foundational model needed to usefully conceptualize the UDHR. As such, I provide a detailed account of UMG against competing models in moral psychology. Furthermore, I combine UMG with Talbott’s Historical-Social Process of Moral Discovery and Rawls’s reflective equilibrium to show how the UDHR represents a major development in moral exploration, one indicating a more penetrative look into the inner moral nature of humans that attempts to reach, but does not attain, one interpretation of reflective equilibrium tied to cognitive moral psychology.

中文翻译：

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道德的本质：普遍道德语法如何为《世界人权宣言》提供概念基础

我认为，《世界人权宣言》（UDHR）研究的理论发展应该与道德心理学，特别是道德认知的进步一起发生。更具体地说，我认为普遍道德语法 (UMG) 是一个模型，它假定了一种以规则和原则为特征的先天的、规范的和普遍的道德能力，它履行了有效地概念化 UDHR 所需的基础模型的作用。因此，我详细介绍了 UMG 与道德心理学中的竞争模型。此外，我将 UMG 与塔尔博特的道德发现的历史社会过程和罗尔斯的反思平衡相结合，以展示 UDHR 如何代表道德探索的重大发展，表明对试图达到的人类内在道德本质的更深入的观察，