The Animadversiones in Elementorum Philosophiae by a little known Flemish scholar G. Moranus, published in Brussels in 1655 was an early European response to Hobbes’s De corpore. Although it is has been referred to by various Hobbes scholars, such as Noel Malcolm, Doug Jesseph, and Alexander Bird it has been little studied. Previous scholarship has tended to focus on the mathematical criticisms of Andre Tacquet which Moranus included in the form of a letter in his volume. Moranus’s philosophical objections to Hobbes’s natural philosophy offer a fascinating picture of the critical reception of Hobbes’s work by a religious writer trained in the late scholastic tradition. Moranus’s opening criticism clearly shows that he is unhappy with Hobbes’s exclusion of the divine and the immaterial from natural philosophy. He asks what authority Hobbes has for breaking with the common understanding of philosophy, as defined by Cicero ‘the knowledge of things human and divine’. He also offers natural philosophical and theological criticisms of Hobbes for overlooking the generation of things involved in the Creation. He also attacks the natural philosophical underpinning of Hobbes’s civil philosophy. In this paper I look at a number of philosophical topics which Moranus criticised in Hobbes’s work, including his mechanical psychology, his theory of imaginary space, his use of the concept of accidents, his blurring of the distinction between the human being and the animal, and his theories of motion. Moranus’s criticisms, which are a mixture of philosophical and theological objections, gives us some clear indications of what made Hobbes’ natural philosophy controversial amongst his contemporaries, and sheds new light on the early continental reception of Hobbes’s work.

中文翻译：

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欧洲早期对霍布斯的《身体论》的批评者

一位鲜为人知的佛兰德学者 G. Moranus 于 1655 年在布鲁塞尔出版的 Elementorum Philosophiae 中的 Animadversiones 是欧洲对霍布斯的《身体论》的早期回应。虽然它已被各种霍布斯学者提及，如诺埃尔马尔科姆、道格杰西夫和亚历山大伯德，但鲜有研究。以前的学术研究倾向于集中在安德烈·塔克的数学批评上，莫拉努斯在他的卷中以一封信的形式包含了这些批评。莫拉努斯对霍布斯自然哲学的哲学反对提供了一幅迷人的图景，说明一位受过晚期经院传统训练的宗教作家对霍布斯作品的批判性接受。莫拉努斯的开场批评清楚地表明，他对霍布斯从自然哲学中排除神圣和非物质的做法感到不满。他问霍布斯有什么权威可以打破对哲学的普遍理解，正如西塞罗所定义的“人类和神圣事物的知识”。他还对霍布斯提出了自然的哲学和神学批评，因为他忽视了创造所涉及的事物的产生。他还攻击了霍布斯公民哲学的自然哲学基础。在这篇论文中，我考察了莫拉努斯在霍布斯著作中批评的一些哲学主题，包括他的机械心理学、他的想象空间理论、他对事故概念的使用、他对人与动物之间区别的模糊化，和他的运动理论。莫拉努斯的批评，混合了哲学和神学的反对意见，