Abstract This paper investigates the interpretations of caused change-of-state predicates in Korean, and in particular non-culmination readings in which the result state inherent to the meaning of the predicate fails to obtain either fully (zero result) or partially. We argue that zero result readings require that the subject intended the coming about of the result state, while readings in which some result obtains (partially or completely) lack this entailment. Yet zero result interpretations are not reducible to ‘try’-constructions since the former but not the latter require the direct causation. Furthermore, zero result readings arise only in active voice, a grammatical constraint not explicitly discussed for other languages. We argue that the full suite of possible readings arises from two factors: a sublexical modality over worlds conforming to the agent’s intentions for zero result readings that arises from a special active voice inflection in Korean and a scalar semantics for change-of-state verbs that derives partial result readings as a type of degree achievement interpretation. An interaction of these two factors produce the range of possible readings for Korean change-of-state predicates. Finally, we discuss our account in relation to the Agent Control Hypothesis of Demirdache and Martin (2015) that agentivity properties of the subject are necessary for certain non-culmination readings, and suggest that Korean exemplifies the ACH provided that what counts as “control” includes intentionality.

中文翻译：

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朝鲜语中的故意，标量变化和非高潮导致状态变化谓词

摘要本文研究了朝鲜语中引起状态变化的谓词的解释，尤其是非终结式阅读，其中谓词含义所固有的结果状态无法完全（零结果）或部分获得。我们认为，零结果读数要求受试者预期结果状态的出现，而获得某些结果（部分或全部）的读数则缺乏这种必要性。然而，零结果解释不能简化为“尝试”结构，因为前者而非后者需要直接因果关系。此外，零结果读数仅在活动语音中出现，这是其他语言没有明确讨论的语法约束。我们认为，全套可能的读数来自两个因素：一种在世界范围内的次词法形式，它符合代理人对零结果读数的意图，这是由于朝鲜语中的一种特殊的主动语音转折和状态变化动词的标量语义（将部分结果读数作为一种程度成就解释）而产生的。这两个因素的相互作用产生了朝鲜状态变化谓词可能的读数范围。最后，我们讨论与Demirdache和Martin（2015）的代理控制假说有关的论述，即该主体的代理性对于某些非高潮阅读而言是必要的，并建议韩文作为ACH的示例，前提是算作“控制”包括意图。