Abstract Evaluation of information retrieval systems is a fundamental topic in Library and Information Science. The aim of this paper is to connect the system-oriented and the user-oriented approaches to relevant philosophical schools. By reviewing the related literature, it was found that the evaluation of information retrieval systems is successful if it benefits from both system-oriented and user-oriented approaches (composite). The system-oriented approach is rooted in Parmenides’ philosophy of stability (immovable) which Plato accepts and attributes to the world of forms; the user-oriented approach is rooted in Heraclitus’ flux philosophy (motion) which Plato defers and attributes to the tangible world. Thus, using Plato’s theory is a comprehensive approach for recognizing the concept of relevance. The theoretical and philosophical foundations determine the type of research methods and techniques. Therefore, Plato’s dialectical method is an appropriate composite method for evaluating information retrieval systems.

中文翻译：

---

搜索引擎评估的辩证法

摘要信息检索系统的评估是图书馆学和情报学的基本主题。本文的目的是将面向系统和面向用户的方法与相关的哲学流派联系起来。通过查阅相关文献，发现如果信息检索系统既受益于面向系统的方法又受益于面向用户的方法（综合方法），那么评估就成功了。面向系统的方法扎根于帕门尼德的稳定性（不可动）哲学，柏拉图接受并归因于形式世界。以用户为导向的方法植根于赫拉克利特的通量哲学（运动），柏拉图将其归因于有形世界。因此，使用柏拉图理论是认识相关性概念的综合方法。理论和哲学基础决定了研究方法和技术的类型。因此，柏拉图的辩证法是一种用于评估信息检索系统的适当组合方法。