During its five-hundred-year history the Koryŏ’s local administration (kunhyǒn) system experienced a gradual evolution. By 1018 through a series of reforms its major contours emerged. Local administrations were subdivided into capitals, greater prefectures, districts, prefectures, counties, and garrisons. However, within the local administration the most important division was between the control counties that received officials dispatched from the central government and the subordinate counties that did not. From the middle of Koryǒ the role of the circuit gradually became more important, as it functioned as a superior administrative unit and became fully institutionalized by the end of Koryǒ. Lower level administrative units within the local administration were the ch’on, li, and tong, but special administrative units were divided among the stations, townships, pugok, so, chang, ch’ŏ, ch’ang, chin, and to. As the kingdom met new challenges the number of control counties expanded so that by the end of Koryŏ there were over 500 control counties and the number of subordinate counties decreased. The Chosŏn local administration system consolidated its regional governance into 330 counties together with a circuit administration of 8 circuits.

中文翻译：

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Koryǒ的管理：地方行政（Kunhyŏn）及其运作

在其五百年的历史中，Koryŏ 的地方行政（kunhyǒn）系统经历了一个渐进的演变。到 1018 年，通过一系列改革，它的主要轮廓出现了。地方行政分为都城、大州、区、州、县、卫。然而，在地方行政内部，最重要的划分是接受中央政府派遣官员的控制县和不接受中央政府派遣官员的下属县。从高丽末期起，作为上级行政单位的地方，其作用逐渐变得更加重要，并在高丽末期完全制度化。地方行政机构内的下级行政单位是 ch'on、li 和 tong，但是特别行政单位被划分为车站、乡、普谷、苏、昌、ch'ŏ、ch'ang、chin和to。随着王国遇到新的挑战，控制县的数量扩大了，到 Koryŏ 末期，控制县的数量超过了 500，而下属县的数量减少了。Chosŏn地方行政系统将其区域治理整合到330个县以及8个电路的电路管理中。