Breastfeeding in public remains controversial in many Western nations. Prior work reveals that restrictive gender role attitudes and hostility toward women's empowerment contribute to the policing of women's bodies, especially when it comes to breastfeeding in public. Using a national sample of New Zealand adults (N = 16,789), we investigated the relationships of hostile and benevolent sexism with attitudes toward breastfeeding in public, as well as the potential moderating effects of gender. Results revealed that, although benevolent sexism only positively correlated with opposition to public breastfeeding for women, hostile sexism correlated positively with opposition to public breastfeeding among both women and men. These results suggest that opposition to breastfeeding in public is primarily rooted in hostile attitudes toward women who are perceived as violating traditional gender roles. Accordingly, social and health policies including information campaigns that reduce hostilely sexist stigmas of breastfeeding in public could help promote women's breastfeeding autonomy.

中文翻译：

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乳房是最好的，但在哪里？敌对的性别歧视是男性反对在公共场合母乳喂养的基础

在许多西方国家，公共场合母乳喂养仍然存在争议。先前的工作表明，限制性的性别角色态度和对女性赋权的敌意有助于对女性身体进行监管，尤其是在公共母乳喂养方面。使用新西兰成年人的全国样本（N = 16,789），我们调查了敌意和仁慈的性别歧视与公众对母乳喂养的态度之间的关系，以及性别的潜在调节作用。结果显示，虽然仁慈的性别歧视只与反对女性公开母乳喂养呈正相关，但敌意的性别歧视与女性和男性反对公开母乳喂养呈正相关。这些结果表明，反对在公共场合母乳喂养主要源于对被视为违反传统性别角色的女性的敌对态度。因此，社会和健康政策，包括减少公开母乳喂养的敌对性别歧视污名的宣传活动，可以帮助促进妇女的母乳喂养自主权。