In the 1980s, the word ‘neoliberalism’ began to trickle into the English language like a light summer rain. The term had been used by opponents of the violent economic policies of the Pinochet regime in Chile since the 1970s and was now increasingly recognized among adherents of the English-speaking left as a fitting word for the seemingly new, radical right-wing politics it found itself fighting—and losing—against.1 With the left’s increasing marginalization throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, this light summer rain turned into a solid, autumn pour. The more marginalized the left became, the more bitter and more sweeping became its critiques of ‘neoliberalism’. When the left finally began to escape its marginalization, the autumn rain swelled into a veritable flood: as Jeremy Corbyn and Bernie Sanders wandered out of the wilderness, so did the term ‘neoliberalism’ and the radical critique of inequality and austerity associated with it. As of 2019, the term seems poised to become mainstream.

中文翻译：

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在它的最深处：历史与新自由主义的危机

在 1980 年代，“新自由主义”这个词开始像夏日的小雨一样滴入英语中。这个词自 1970 年代以来一直被智利皮诺切特政权的暴力经济政策的反对者使用，现在越来越多的英语左派支持者认为这个词很适合它发现的看似新的激进右翼政治1990 年代和 2000 年代初，随着左派日益边缘化，夏季的小雨变成了坚实的秋季倾盆大雨。左派越被边缘化，它对“新自由主义”的批判就变得越尖锐、越彻底。当左派终于开始摆脱边缘化时，秋雨变成了名副其实的洪水：当杰里米·科尔宾和伯尼·桑德斯走出荒野时，“新自由主义”一词以及与之相关的对不平等和紧缩的激进批评也是如此。截至 2019 年，该术语似乎已准备好成为主流。