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Gender Lender: Noun Borrowings between Jingulu and Mudburra in Northern Australia
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2019-08-14 , DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01202007
Rob Pensalfini 1 , Felicity Meakins 2
Affiliation  

This paper explores borrowing of nouns between two unrelated Australian languages with a long history of contact: Mudburra, a language with no grammatical gender, and Jingulu, which has four genders and super-classing. Unusually, this case involves extensive borrowing in both directions, resulting in the languages sharing 65% of their nouns. This bi-directional borrowing of nouns allows us to simultaneously examine the behaviour of gender where (i) nouns from a language with no gender have transferred into a language with a gender system, and (ii) nouns from a language with gender have transferred into a language with no gender system. Previous work in this area has been interested in the how nouns are categorised in scenario (i) (Deuchar et al., 2014; Jake et al., 2002; Liceras et al., 2008; Parafita Couto et al., 2015; Poplack et al., 1982), and whether there is any evidence for the development of a gender system in the recipient language in scenario (ii) (Aikhenvald, 2003; Corbett, 1991; Heath, 1978; Matras and Sakel, 2007; Seifart, 2012; Stolz, 2009; Stolz, 2012). We show that Mudburra nouns borrowed into Jingulu are assigned gender on the basis of their semantics, with gender superclassing effects and morpho-phonological massaging. Some of the borrowings into Mudburra, on the other hand, demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of Jingulu morpho-syntax which speaks to a high degree of bilingualism between Mudburra and Jingulu over an extended period.

中文翻译:

性别贷款人:澳大利亚北部金古鲁和穆德布拉之间的名词借用

本文探讨了两种有着悠久接触历史的互不相关的澳大利亚语言之间的名词借用:Mudburra,一种没有语法性别的语言,和 Jingulu,有四种性别和超类。不同寻常的是,这种情况涉及双向大量借用,导致语言共享其名词的 65%。名词的这种双向借用使我们能够同时检查性别的行为,其中(i)来自无性别语言的名词已转换为具有性别系统的语言,以及(ii)来自具有性别语言的名词已转换为一种没有性别系统的语言。该领域以前的工作一直对如何在场景 (i) 中对名词进行分类感兴趣(Deuchar 等人,2014 年;Jake 等人,2002 年;Liceras 等人,2008 年;Parafita Couto 等人,2015 年;Poplack等人,1982),以及是否有任何证据表明在场景 (ii) 中的接受者语言中存在性别系统(Aikhenvald,2003;Corbett,1991;Heath,1978;Matras 和 Sakel,2007;Seifart,2012;Stolz,2009;Stolz , 2012)。我们表明,借入 Jingulu 的 Mudburra 名词根据其语义分配性别,具有性别超类效应和形态语音按摩。另一方面,Mudburra 中的一些借用表明了对 Jingulu 形态语法的复杂理解,这说明 Mudburra 和 Jingulu 之间在很长一段时间内具有高度的双语能力。我们表明,借入 Jingulu 的 Mudburra 名词根据其语义分配性别,具有性别超类效应和形态语音按摩。另一方面,Mudburra 中的一些借用表明了对 Jingulu 形态语法的复杂理解,这说明 Mudburra 和 Jingulu 之间在很长一段时间内具有高度的双语能力。我们表明,借入 Jingulu 的 Mudburra 名词根据其语义分配性别,具有性别超类效应和形态语音按摩。另一方面,Mudburra 中的一些借用表明了对 Jingulu 形态语法的复杂理解,这说明 Mudburra 和 Jingulu 之间在很长一段时间内具有高度的双语能力。
更新日期:2019-08-14
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