The Kuntillet ‘Ajrud inscriptions mention blessings by the names of YHWH of Samaria and YHWH of Teman. Like all ancient Near Eastern gods, these two regional gods must have had central temples. This article examines their possible locations and suggests that the combination of the Kuntillet ‘Ajrud inscriptions with the eighth-century prophecies of Amos and Hosea holds the key for identifying these. In light of a detailed analysis of Hosea’s and Amos’ prophecies, it is further suggested that YHWH of Samaria was the name of the major God of the Kingdom of Israel and his main temple was located at Bethel, and that YHWH of Teman was the name of the God of the southern desert regions and his temple was located at Beer-sheba. Israelite traders who traveled southward probably visited the latter god’s temple, offered him sacrifices, made vows to repay him if they succeed in the expedition, and thus turned him to be their patron god during their travel in the desert region. This suggested identification explains why the Judahite cult place of Beer-sheba appears in Amos’ prophecy alongside the Israelite sanctuaries of Bethel, Gilgal, and Dan.

Kuntillet'Ajrud铭文提到祝福的名称是撒玛利亚（Samaria）的耶和华（YHWH）和特曼（Teman）的耶和华（YHWH）。像所有古代近东神一样，这两个区域神必定有中央圣殿。本文研究了它们的可能位置，并建议将Kuntillet'Ajrud铭文与8世纪的Amos和Hosea预言结合起来，才是识别它们的关键。根据对何西阿和阿摩司的预言的详细分析，进一步建议撒玛利亚的耶和华是以色列王国的主要上帝的名字，他的主要圣殿位于伯特利，而特曼的耶和华则是这个名字南部沙漠地区的上帝的神庙，他的神庙位于比舍巴。往南走的以色列商人可能参观了后神的神殿，向他献祭，誓言要偿还他，如果他们在探险中取得成功，并因此使他成为他们在沙漠地区旅行期间的守护神。这种暗示的身份解释了为什么犹大派别-谢巴的崇拜场所在阿莫斯的预言中与伯特利，吉尔加尔和但的以色列庇护所同时出现。