The absence of control of a territorial state over part of its physical territory is closely associated with online human rights violations, on the one hand, and the state's restricted (but not necessarily absent) control over the cyberspace, on the other. Notwithstanding the lack of its effective territorial control, the territorial state continues to be entitled to exercise its sovereignty over both territory and cyberspace. The consequence of sovereignty in international human rights law is the territorial state's presumed jurisdiction over its entire national territory. The article claims that the territorial state, while lacking the effective means to control its cyberspace fully as it does in the government-controlled areas, has continuing jurisdiction, and consequently obligations, to protect human rights online from wrongful acts that originate, occur or have effect in the area outside its effective control. Treaty monitoring bodies have recommended various positive measures that any territorial state is required to take while seeking to restore its ‘internet sovereignty’ in the separatist region, depending on the means in its power that are feasible in the particular situation.

中文翻译：

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领土国家在其有效控制范围之外的网络空间中的人权义务

一方面，领土国家对其部分物理领土缺乏控制与在线侵犯人权密切相关，另一方面，国家对网络空间的控制受限（但不一定不存在）。尽管缺乏有效的领土控制，领土国家仍然有权对领土和网络空间行使主权。国际人权法中主权的后果是领土国家对其整个国家领土的假定管辖权。文章声称，领土国家虽然缺乏有效手段来充分控制其网络空间，但它仍然具有持续的管辖权，因此有义务，保护在线人权免受在其有效控制范围之外的区域产生、发生或产生影响的不法行为的侵害。条约监督机构建议任何领土国家在寻求恢复其在分裂地区的“互联网主权”时应采取的各种积极措施，具体取决于其在特定情况下可行的权力手段。