The identification of the involvement of young boys in cleaning chimneys as a social problem in the late eighteenth century, and its effectual elimination in the second half of the nineteenth, provides a yardstick against which one can measure changing attitudes to child labour during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The involvement of children as young as five in this trade and the injuries and illness to which they were subject prompted an incrementally more vigorous demand for its elimination that was fuelled by the increasing societal influence of the respectable. Based on an analysis of the practice, the abuses it permitted and the efforts of reformers to convince the public and politicians that the invention of the sweeping machine meant it was no longer necessary to involve children in this dangerous trade, the article explains how the combination of revulsion at the mistreatment of climbing boys, organised opposition and an attitudinal shift brought about a change in the law that effectively brought it to an end and established the principle that child labour was immoral as well as unnecessary.

中文翻译：

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1775 年至 1875 年爱尔兰的烟囱清扫、攀岩男孩和儿童就业

18 世纪后期将年轻男孩参与清理烟囱确定为一个社会问题，并在 19 世纪下半叶有效地消除了这一问题，这提供了一个衡量标准，可以用来衡量 18 和 18 世纪对童工的态度变化。十九世纪。年仅 5 岁的儿童参与这一行业以及他们所遭受的伤害和疾病促使人们越来越强烈地要求消除这种现象，而这正是受人尊敬的社会影响力日益增强的推动。基于对这种做法的分析，它允许的滥用行为以及改革者努力说服公众和政治家相信扫地机的发明意味着不再需要让儿童参与这种危险的交易，