What mechanisms facilitate state compliance with human rights? This article proposes and applies a model to assess the extent to which two United Nations human rights mechanisms, the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) and the state reporting procedure of the treaty bodies, are perceived as capable to stimulate compliance with human rights, and why. It does so by identifying a set of goals potentially achieved by these organizations – generating pressure, stimulating learning, providing an accurate overview of states’ performance, and delivering practically-feasible recommendations – and testing the extent to which reaching these goals is seen to facilitate compliance with human rights. It concludes that the treaty bodies’ perceived strength lies in providing states with learning opportunities and an accurate overview of their internal situations. In contrast, the UPR is deemed particularly strong in generating peer and public pressure on states. From a theoretical point of view, this article shows that, under certain conditions, the three main theoretical schools on compliance – enforcement, management, and constructivist – offer credible explanations for states’ performance in implementing human rights recommendations, with the enforcement school faring relatively better than the others. Data were collected by means of forty semi-structured interviews and an online survey.

中文翻译：

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促进遵守人权：联合国普遍定期审议和条约机构的绩效

哪些机制可以促进国家遵守人权？本文提出并应用了一个模型来评估人们认为联合国两个人权机制，普遍定期审议（UPR）和条约机构的国家报告程序在多大程度上能够促进对人权的遵守，以及为什么。通过确定这些组织可能实现的一组目标来做到这一点-产生压力，刺激学习，提供各州绩效的准确概述并提供切实可行的建议-并测试达到这些目标的程度遵守人权。结论是，条约机构的感知力量在于为各国提供学习机会并对其内部情况进行准确的概述。相比之下，普遍定期审议被认为在对各州产生同伴和公众压力方面特别强大。从理论的角度来看，本文表明，在某些条件下，合规性的三个主要理论流派-执法，管理和建构主义-为国家在执行人权建议方面的表现提供了可靠的解释，而执法流派的表现相对较差。比其他人好。通过四十次半结构化访谈和在线调查收集了数据。和建构主义者–为各州在执行人权建议方面的表现提供可靠的解释，而执法学校的表现相对更好。通过四十次半结构化访谈和在线调查收集了数据。和建构主义者–为各州在执行人权建议方面的表现提供可靠的解释，而执法学校的表现相对更好。通过四十次半结构化访谈和在线调查收集了数据。