This review introduces the broad themes and methods of Maarten Prak's Citizens without Nations and focuses on the author's portrait of actual practices of citizenship in early modern cities of Europe. It highlights the strengths of Prak's study in formidable archival work and broad comparative reading. It points out the central place of practices of poor relief to the building of urban networks of citizenship, drawing out the importance of women in participating in these informal yet critical practices of citizenship. Taking the relationship between provisioning for the poor and community building seriously, and building on Prak's view of Britain's relatively smooth transition from early modern to modern practices of citizenship, the essay speculates on whether England's unusual nationwide poor law (born in the early modern period and exemplifying ideals of citizenship usually associated with “urban republicanism”) played its own critical role in the rise of an integrated nation there.

中文翻译：

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贫困救济、福利和社区建设

这篇评论介绍了 Maarten Prak 的广泛主题和方法没有国家的公民并着重于作者对欧洲早期现代城市公民实际实践的描绘。它突出了普拉克研究在令人敬畏的档案工作和广泛的比较阅读方面的优势。它指出了贫困救济实践对于城市公民网络建设的核心地位，并指出了女性参与这些非正式但至关重要的公民实践的重要性。认真对待穷人供给与社区建设之间的关系，并以普拉克关于英国从早期现代到现代公民实践相对平稳过渡的观点为基础，本文推测英国是否“