Our understanding of contemporary international relations rests on flawed images of the past. One of the most problematic dimensions of this history is the idea that the core institutions and practices of modern territorial sovereignty originated in Europe before being gradually extended to other parts of the globe. A key dimension of this Euro-centric historiography is the story that the territorial sovereignty norm was invented in Europe in the seventeenth century, before Europeans honed it into a standard technique of state practice in the twentieth. This paper uses original archival research to critically interrogate the consensus position. The paper demonstrates that the dominant narrative significantly misconstrues the way rulers and governments sought to control migration across the longue duree. European rulers were more collectively seeking to transnationally promote migration at the same time as they individually acquired territorial sovereign control over it. Extra-European states were the first to deploy territorial immigration controls, and non-Europeans shaped the forms of mobility promotion Europeans would adopt. The paper uses these findings to make the case for a new chronology of European migration governance and for a critical institutionalist approach to the way we write the history of the global migration regime.

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欧洲从未像现在这样现代：重塑移民控制的历史叙述

我们对当代国际关系的理解建立在过去的错误形象上。历史上最棘手的方面之一是，现代领土主权的核心制度和实践起源于欧洲，然后逐渐扩展到全球其他地区。这种以欧洲为中心的史学的一个关键方面是这个故事，即领土主权准则是在17世纪在欧洲发明的，后来欧洲人将其变成了20世纪的国家实践的标准技术。本文使用原始档案研究来严格审视共识立场。该论文表明，占主导地位的叙述明显误解了统治者和政府试图控制整个贵族制度下的移民的方式。欧洲统治者更加集体地寻求在跨国范围内促进移民，同时他们各自获得了对领土的主权控制。欧洲以外的国家是第一个部署领土移民管制的国家，非欧洲人塑造了欧洲人将采取的促进流动的形式。本文利用这些发现为欧洲移民治理的新编年史以及我们撰写全球移民制度历史的关键制度主义方法提供了依据。