Can human rights law adequately address implicit modes of racism and gender discrimination? This question is discussed in this article through the analysis of the European Court of Human Rights case S.A.S. v. France (2014) concerning the ban on the Islamic full-face veil. The so-called ‘headscarf cases’ have been thoroughly discussed by many scholars, yet they seem to offer an endless source of different points of view. Departing from the previous discussion on the headscarf and full-face veil cases, which have largely concentrated on the questions of personal autonomy, identity and subjectivity, this article approaches S.A.S. v. France from the point of view of discrimination. It is suggested that the Court’s procedural and de-contextualized approach to rights results in eroding the protection against discrimination. Procedural approach refers to the Court’s tendency to emphasize procedural aspects of the Convention rights and not to engage sufficiently with substantive analysis. The de-contextual approach to rights on the other hand refers to lack of sensitivity to empirical information concerning the facts of the case at hand. Together the procedural and de-contextual approaches inadvertently erode the protection against discrimination of vulnerable groups, such as Muslim immigrant women.

中文翻译：

---

削弱对歧视的保护：SAS v. France 的程序和去语境化方法

人权法能否充分解决种族主义和性别歧视的隐性模式？本文通过对欧洲人权法院 SAS v. France (2014) 案关于禁止使用伊斯兰全脸面纱的分析来讨论这个问题。所谓的“头巾案”已经被很多学者深入讨论过，但似乎提供了源源不断的不同观点。与之前对头巾和全面罩案件的讨论主要集中在个人自主性、身份和主观性问题上的讨论不同，本文从歧视的角度处理SAS诉法国案。有人认为，法院对权利采取的程序性和去语境化方法会削弱对歧视的保护。程序方法是指法院倾向于强调《公约》权利的程序方面而不充分参与实质性分析。另一方面，权利的去语境方法是指对有关手头案件事实的经验信息缺乏敏感性。程序性方法和脱离语境的方法一起无意中削弱了对弱势群体（例如穆斯林移民妇女）免受歧视的保护。