Traditionally, states would not grant enforcement of criminal judgments from other states. As a result, there has been a large deficit in enforcement of monetary and other remedies for victims of criminal violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law. In recent decades, there has been some progress in national law and treaty law towards allowing or requiring transnational enforcement of victims’ remedies contained in foreign criminal judgments. This article examines the traditional law, modern progress concerning criminal remedies, and recent United Nations work in the area. Even with modern trends in the international law of criminal enforcement jurisdiction, it may turn out that civil judgments of restitution and reparation will be easier to obtain and enforce than criminal judgments in many, if not most, cases.

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关于受害者救济的可执行性缺陷

传统上，各州不会授权执行其他州的刑事判决。因此，在为违反国际人道主义法和国际人权法的犯罪行为的受害者执行金钱和其他补救措施方面存在大量赤字。近几十年来，国家法律和条约法在允许或要求跨国执行外国刑事判决中包含的受害者补救措施方面取得了一些进展。本文考察了传统法律、刑事救济方面的现代进展以及联合国最近在该领域的工作。即使在国际刑事执法管辖权的现代趋势下，在许多（如果不是大多数）案件中，归还和赔偿的民事判决可能比刑事判决更容易获得和执行。