Though typically seen as occasions of royal performance, Elizabethan progresses were also opportunities for the cities visited by the English queen to fashion and project images of themselves to the reigning monarch. Unlike those created by Bristol (1574) and Norwich (1578), Sandwich’s 1573 entertainments feature few formal pageant devices and therefore appear to be much less elaborate. Nonetheless, the citizens of Sandwich did indeed “speak” to their queen over the course of her three-day visit, though they relied primarily on spatial and topographical performance. Everywhere Elizabeth went and everything she saw—the gate through which she entered, her route through the town, the location of her lodgings, the buildings and landmarks that she was shown—were part of a calculated attempt to assert Sandwich’s historical importance and continuing vitality. These messages sought both to refashion reality (Sandwich was in economic decline) and to shrewdly lay the groundwork for the town’s formal request for royal aid. This paper looks closely at sixteenth-century Sandwich’s layout, topography, buildings, and town records to provide a “close reading” of Elizabeth’s visit.

中文翻译：

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“对哈文人的恳求”：三明治、公民盛会和伊丽莎白一世女王 1573 年的访问

虽然通常被视为皇室表演的场合，伊丽莎白时代的进步也是英国女王访问的城市的机会，可以为在位的君主塑造和展示自己的形象。与 Bristol (1574) 和 Norwich (1578) 创造的那些不同，Sandwich 1573 年的娱乐活动很少有正式的选美装置，因此似乎没有那么复杂。尽管如此，在为期三天的访问过程中，桑威奇的公民确实与他们的女王“交谈”了，尽管他们主要依赖于空间和地形表现。伊丽莎白所到之处，所看到的一切——她进入的大门，她穿过城镇的路线，她住所的位置，向她展示的建筑物和地标——是为了维护三明治的历史重要性和持续生命力而精心策划的尝试的一部分。这些信息既要重塑现实（三明治经济衰退），又要巧妙地为该镇正式请求皇家援助奠定基础。本文仔细研究了 16 世纪 Sandwich 的布局、地形、建筑物和城镇记录，以“仔细阅读”伊丽莎白的访问。