In the Despair episode in Spenser’s Faerie Queene I .ix, the provocative material means for self-slaughter are emblematically doubled with the psychological inducements, particularly on the models of predecessor texts in Skelton’s Magnyfycence and the Cordela story in The Mirrour for Magistrates . The pairing of means and causes is part of a tradition. So also is the despair of a Christian believer over his own sinfulness, in the face of God’s law, as voiced by a conspiratorial evil conscience, leading to a sinful “unbelief and despair of God” (Luther) and likewise unbelief in salvation—and to an unconquerable self-accusation, which doubles the sinner with tormentors, or a diabolic Accuser, and tempts him or her to cut his/her losses, relieve his/her pain, sorrows, and world-weariness, and take his/her life. Other suicidal types in The Faerie Queene and elsewhere, who are not theologically confirmed in their wanhope or assisted by it to their end, such as Phedon or Malbecco, can nonetheless illuminate the projections, temptations, demons, and motions of the Christian despair-er, and his or her adversity, depression, distress, impatience, furor, world-weariness, melancholia, and driven-ness. The despair-er’s condition, as found in Kierkegaard’s Sickness unto Death , can be further illustrated, diagnosed, and ministered to, by means of a variety of early modern and medieval moralizing and homiletic texts. And while the death of Shakespeare’s Cordelia by hanging conforms to Spenser’s account ( FQ II .x.32), her suicidal despair is only a slander bruited by the character Edmund. Rather, it is her would-be rescuer Lear who is the picture of misery and despair.

中文翻译：

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“剑、绳、毒、火”：斯宾塞对绝望辅助自杀的客观化的黑暗材料，以及关于斯凯尔顿和莎士比亚的笔记

在斯宾塞的 Faerie Queene I.ix 中的绝望一集中，自我屠杀的挑衅性物质手段与心理诱因具有象征意义，特别是在斯凯尔顿的《Magnyfycence》和《治安官之镜》中的 Cordela 故事中的前任文本模型中。手段和原因的配对是传统的一部分。一个基督徒信徒在上帝的律法面前对自己的罪感到绝望也是如此，正如阴谋的邪恶良心所表达的那样，导致有罪的“对上帝的不信和绝望”（路德），同样不相信救恩——和对无法克服的自我指责，使罪人加倍折磨，或恶魔般的控告者，并诱使他或她减少损失，减轻他/她的痛苦，悲伤和厌世，并结束他/她的生命. The Faerie Queene 和其他地方的其他自杀类型，在他们的 wanhope 中没有在神学上得到证实或得到它的帮助到最后，例如 Phedon 或 Malbecco，仍然可以阐明基督教绝望者的投射、诱惑、恶魔和动作，以及他或她的逆境、沮丧、痛苦、急躁、愤怒、厌世、忧郁和冲动。绝望者的状况，如克尔凯郭尔的《至死之病》中所见，可以通过各种早期现代和中世纪的道德说教和说教文本进一步说明、诊断和服侍。虽然莎士比亚的 Cordelia 被绞死符合斯宾塞的说法 (FQ II .x.32)，但她对自杀的绝望只是角色埃德蒙的诽谤。相当，