Virtue ethics is currently one of the most widely known ethical theories. According to it, to act morally well, one needs to perfect one’s moral character by acquiring virtues. Among various virtues, we can distinguish the group of so-called virtues of will power to which, among others, belong self-control, decisiveness, patience, etc. As they are necessary for the effectiveness of human actions, they are also called executive virtues. It is doubtful, however, if they deserve the proper name of virtues because they can be used either in the realization of good goals or evil ones. To serve the realization of what is good, they need to be combined with so-called substantial virtues (e.g., benevolence, honesty, or justice). Virtues of will power are often identified with practical skills, and perfecting will power is identified with exercising such practices as playing an instrument, doing some sports, or taking practice in medicine. In my article, I am trying to compare the view of will power virtues with the results in empirical, psychological studies over self-control and self-regulation. I will show to what extent these two descriptions – philosophical and psychological – are congruent. I will also take a closer look at the observed phenomenon of the depleted will, and whether this observation undermines the conclusions assumptions of virtue ethics.

中文翻译：

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意志力的美德——从哲学和心理学的角度来看

德性伦理学是目前最广为人知的伦理学理论之一。据此，要行善，就需要通过获得美德来完善自己的道德品质。在各种美德中，我们可以区分出所谓的意志力美德，其中包括自制、果断、耐心等。因为它们是人类行为有效性所必需的，所以也称为执行力。美德。然而，值得怀疑的是，它们是否配得上美德的正确名称，因为它们既可以用于实现善的目标，也可以用于实现恶的目标。为了实现善，它们需要与所谓的实质美德（例如，仁慈、诚实或正义）相结合。意志力的美德通常与实践技能相结合，完善意志力与练习诸如演奏乐器、做一些运动或在医学上的练习有关。在我的文章中，我试图将意志力美德的观点与关于自我控制和自我调节的实证心理学研究结果进行比较。我将展示这两种描述——哲学和心理学——在多大程度上是一致的。我还将仔细研究观察到的意志耗竭现象，以及这种观察是否破坏了美德伦理的结论假设。我将展示这两种描述——哲学和心理学——在多大程度上是一致的。我还将仔细研究观察到的意志耗竭现象，以及这种观察是否破坏了美德伦理的结论假设。我将展示这两种描述——哲学和心理学——在多大程度上是一致的。我还将仔细研究观察到的意志耗竭现象，以及这种观察是否破坏了美德伦理的结论假设。