This introduction aims at situating the contributions of the Thematic Issue into wider debates on Hellenism and Hellenisation and changes taking place in scholarship. Essentialist notions of Hellenism are strongly rejected, but how then to study the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Qumran site during the Hellenistic period? Each contextualisation depends on the (comparative) material selected, and themes here vary from literary genres, textual practices, and forms of producing knowledge, to material culture, networks, and social organizations. All contributors see some embeddedness in ideas and practices attested elsewhere in the Hellenistic empires or taking place because of changes during the Hellenistic period. In this framework, similarities are overemphasized, but some differences are also suggested. Most importantly, the question of Hellenism is a question of relocating Jewish and Judaean evidence in the study of ancient history.

中文翻译：

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希腊化背景下的死海古卷1

本介绍旨在将主题问题的贡献置于关于希腊化和希腊化以及学术界发生的变化的更广泛辩论中。希腊主义的本质主义概念被强烈拒绝，但是如何研究希腊化时期的死海古卷和库姆兰遗址？每一种情境化都取决于所选择的（比较）材料，这里的主题从文学体裁、文本实践和生产知识的形式，到物质文化、网络和社会组织。所有的贡献者都看到了在希腊化帝国其他地方所证明的或由于希腊化时期的变化而发生的思想和实践中的一些嵌入性。在这个框架中，相似之处被过分强调，但也提出了一些不同之处。最重要的是，