According to Gamper (Sci Ontol Axiomathes 29:99–102, 2019), one function of science is to determine how the world is. Science, Gamper continues, rests on a set of basic assumptions, and the gap between basic assumptions and science should be filled by ontological frameworks that accommodates the modal properties of such assumptions. Different frameworks may surely suggest different modal properties. Thus, in so far as we use different basic assumptions, we can have different ontologies with different modal properties. Ontologies affect, in turn, science, which, however, has the power to falsify the ontological frameworks. The aim of this article is to show a possible trouble of Gamper's proposal, here considered as applied to the geographical debate.

根据 Gamper (Sci Ontol Axiomathes 29:99–102, 2019) 的说法，科学的一项功能是确定世界是怎样的。Gamper 继续说，科学依赖于一组基本假设，基本假设与科学之间的差距应该由适应这些假设的模态特性的本体论框架来填补。不同的框架肯定会建议不同的模态属性。因此，就我们使用不同的基本假设而言，我们可以拥有具有不同模态属性的不同本体。本体论反过来影响科学，然而，科学有能力证伪本体论框架。这篇文章的目的是展示甘珀的提议可能存在的问题，这里被认为是适用于地理辩论的。