Executive SummaryThe need to decarbonise the economy in order to slow the pace of climate change is now recognised as one of the most pressing international policy challenges. While the UK cannot by itself materially affect global climate change, it has an opportunity to play an influential role, both by persuading others of the need for action but also by reshaping its domestic economy to benefit from a low-carbon transition.Far from hampering competitiveness, adoption of a coordinated policy approach to climate change today would generate positive benefits for the UK economy, especially if it addresses the multiple market failures that promote pollution and places decarbonisation at the heart of structural economic policy.Desirable strategies would include public support for research, development, and deployment of new technologies, and measures to foster an environment where innovation can rapidly shift the economy from dirty to clean production systems. Focusing UK industrial strategy on securing strong domestic supply chains for green products and services, for example, could help create an early mover advantage in rapidly growing global market sectors. Interventions could include the establishment of a National Infrastructure Bank to support decarbonisation in crucial sectors such as energy and transport, and would also need to encompass measures to assist structural adjustment in affected industries and their workforces.

中文翻译：

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确保脱碳和增长

执行摘要为了减缓气候变化的步伐，经济脱碳的必要性现在被认为是最紧迫的国际政策挑战之一。虽然英国本身不能对全球气候变化产生实质性影响，但它有机会发挥影响力，既可以说服其他国家采取行动，也可以通过重塑其国内经济以从低碳转型中受益。远非阻碍竞争力，今天对气候变化采取协调一致的政策方法将为英国经济带来积极的利益，特别是如果它解决了促进污染的多重市场失灵并将脱碳置于结构性经济政策的核心。理想的战略将包括公众支持研究、开发和部署新技术，并采取措施营造一种环境，使创新能够迅速将经济从肮脏的生产系统转变为清洁的生产系统。例如，将英国产业战略重点放在确保绿色产品和服务的强大国内供应链上，可以帮助在快速增长的全球市场领域创造先发优势。干预措施可能包括建立国家基础设施银行，以支持能源和交通等关键部门的脱碳，还需要采取措施帮助受影响行业及其劳动力进行结构调整。可以帮助在快速增长的全球市场领域创造先发优势。干预措施可能包括建立国家基础设施银行，以支持能源和交通等关键部门的脱碳，还需要采取措施帮助受影响行业及其劳动力进行结构调整。可以帮助在快速增长的全球市场领域创造先发优势。干预措施可能包括建立国家基础设施银行，以支持能源和交通等关键部门的脱碳，还需要采取措施帮助受影响行业及其劳动力进行结构调整。