An annual school census is held in the four countries of the UK in which pupils with ASD are identified. This longitudinal study of the total UK school population compares increases in prevalence rates for pupils with ASD over a nine-year period from 2010/11. Northern Ireland had the highest prevalence throughout, reaching 3.20% by 2018/19 compared to 1.92% in Wales. The prevalence rates were higher in secondary than in primary schools. The increases in prevalence and intra-country variations may be linked to a greater appreciation of ASD occurring alongside other developmental difficulties. Greater reliance on school rather than statutory assessments may also contribute to increases in pupils with ASD. More in-depth research is needed to establish the reason for the variations across years and countries.

中文翻译：

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学校确定的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 学生人数增加：英国四个国家的比较

在英国的四个国家/地区进行年度学校人口普查，以确定患有 ASD 的学生。这项对英国学校总人口的纵向研究比较了自 2010/11 年以来九年间 ASD 学生患病率的增加。北爱尔兰的患病率最高，到 2018/19 年达到 3.20%，而威尔士为 1.92%。中学的患病率高于小学。患病率和国家内部差异的增加可能与 ASD 与其他发展困难一起发生的更多认识有关。更多地依赖学校而不是法定评估也可能导致 ASD 学生的增加。需要更深入的研究来确定不同年份和国家之间差异的原因。