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More than the Sum of Its Parts: Intersections of Sexual Orientation and Race as They Influence Perceptions of Group Similarity and Stereotype Content
Sex Roles ( IF 3.812 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s11199-020-01185-3
Justin P. Preddie , Monica Biernat

Across two studies conducted in the United States, we apply an intersectional analysis to investigate how the interaction of sexual orientation (gay versus straight) and race (Black versus White) in male groups affect perceptions of inter-group similarity and stereotype content. The intersectionality hypothesis (Hypothesis 1) predicts that the interaction of race and sexual orientation will influence inter-group similarity perceptions and produce unique stereotype content that is not the result of simply adding race stereotypes to sexual orientation stereotypes. The related prototypicality hypothesis (Hypothesis 2) predicts that intersectional groups will generate more perceived dissimilarity and more unique attributes when they are non-prototypical with respect to race (Black) and sexual orientation (gay). We found strong support for intersectionality (Hypothesis 1); for Hypothesis 2, the prototypicality hypothesis, support was strongest with respect to the impact of non-prototypical sexual orientation (i.e., gayness). In Study 1, the group “Gay Black men” was viewed as most dissimilar to the group “Men,” and to its constituent ingroups. In Study 2, the group “Gay Black men” generated the most unique stereotype content. The addition of the label “gay” also reduced stereotype negativity, particularly in perceptions of Black men. The results contribute to research and theory by demonstrating that the intersection of ethnic and sexual orientation stereotypes is complex and produces meaningful differences in the perception of groups.

中文翻译:

不仅仅是其部分的总和:性取向和种族的交叉点影响对群体相似性和刻板印象内容的感知

在美国进行的两项研究中,我们应用交叉分析来调查男性群体中性取向(同性恋与异性恋)和种族(黑人与白人)的相互作用如何影响对群体间相似性和刻板印象内容的看法。交叉性假设(假设 1)预测种族和性取向的相互作用将影响群体间相似性感知并产生独特的刻板印象内容,这不是简单地将种族刻板印象添加到性取向刻板印象的结果。相关原型假设(假设 2)预测,当交叉群体在种族(黑人)和性取向(同性恋)方面不是原型时,他们将产生更多感知差异和更多独特属性。我们发现对交叉性的有力支持(假设 1);对于假设 2,原型假设,在非原型性取向(即同性恋)的影响方面支持最强。在研究 1 中,“同性恋黑人男性”群体被认为与“男性”群体及其组成内群体最为不同。在研究 2 中,“Gay Black men”群体产生了最独特的刻板印象内容。添加“同性恋”标签也减少了刻板印象的负面影响,尤其是在对黑人男性的看法中。通过证明种族和性取向刻板印象的交叉点是复杂的,并且在群体的看法上产生有意义的差异,结果有助于研究和理论。对于非典型性取向(即同性恋)的影响,支持最为强烈。在研究 1 中,“同性恋黑人男性”群体被认为与“男性”群体及其组成内群体最为不同。在研究 2 中,“Gay Black men”群体产生了最独特的刻板印象内容。添加“同性恋”标签也减少了刻板印象的负面影响,尤其是在对黑人男性的看法中。通过证明种族和性取向刻板印象的交叉点是复杂的,并且在群体的看法上产生有意义的差异,结果有助于研究和理论。对于非典型性取向(即同性恋)的影响,支持最为强烈。在研究 1 中,“同性恋黑人男性”群体被认为与“男性”群体及其组成内群体最为不同。在研究 2 中,“Gay Black men”群体产生了最独特的刻板印象内容。添加“同性恋”标签也减少了刻板印象的负面影响,尤其是在对黑人男性的看法中。通过证明种族和性取向刻板印象的交叉点是复杂的,并且在群体的看法上产生有意义的差异,结果有助于研究和理论。“Gay Black men”组产生了最独特的刻板印象内容。添加“同性恋”标签也减少了刻板印象的负面影响,尤其是在对黑人男性的看法中。通过证明种族和性取向刻板印象的交叉点是复杂的,并且在群体的看法上产生有意义的差异,结果有助于研究和理论。“Gay Black men”组产生了最独特的刻板印象内容。添加“同性恋”标签也减少了刻板印象的负面影响,尤其是在对黑人男性的看法中。通过证明种族和性取向刻板印象的交叉点是复杂的,并且在群体的看法上产生有意义的差异,结果有助于研究和理论。
更新日期:2020-08-24
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