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Benefit-Finding Improves Well-Being among Women Who Have Experienced Gender Discrimination
Sex Roles ( IF 3.812 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s11199-020-01175-5
Ariel J. Mosley , Nyla R. Branscombe

Women experience gender discrimination in numerous important life domains, which can harm psychological well-being. Benefit-finding—identifying the positive implications of having overcome a negative experience—has been theorized as a coping strategy to improve well-being. We experimentally tested whether prompting women, recruited online, to consider the implications of their past experiences of discrimination for themselves in the present—and the benefit-finding that follows—can improve well-being. U.S women (n = 409) were asked to consider a past experience of sexism in three data collections (Studies 1a, 1b, 1c). In each collection, participants were randomly assigned to a benefit-finding condition or a control condition. Those participants in to the benefit-finding condition were asked to write about the implications or lessons of their experience for the present whereas those women randomly assigned to the control condition did not. A meta-analysis based on the three data collections revealed that participants in the benefit-finding condition reported greater well-being than those in the control, which was a moderately strong effect. In a third collection (Study 1c), we included an additional control condition in which participants wrote about known facts of gender discrimination. We also included measures of sexism perceptions and willingness to engage in collective action. Participants who reflected upon the implications of their past experiences of sexism reported the highest intentions to engage in collective action to confront future sexism (relative to both control conditions). For women coping with discrimination, this intervention can help alleviate the harmful consequences of discrimination and motivate support to fight gender inequality.

中文翻译:

福利发现改善了经历过性别歧视的女性的幸福感

女性在许多重要的生活领域遭受性别歧视,这可能会损害心理健康。利益发现——确定克服消极经历的积极影响——已被理论化为改善幸福感的应对策略。我们通过实验测试了促使在线招聘的女性考虑她们过去的歧视经历对现在自己的影响——以及随后的收益发现——是否可以改善幸福感。美国女性(n = 409)被要求在三个数据集合(研究 1a、1b、1c)中考虑过去的性别歧视经历。在每个集合中,参与者被随机分配到一个寻找利益的条件或一个控制条件。寻求利益条件的参与者被要求写下他们目前经验的影响或教训,而那些随机分配到对照条件的女性则没有。基于三个数据收集的荟萃分析显示,受益发现条件的参与者报告的幸福感高于对照组,这是一个中等强度的影响。在第三个集合(研究 1c)中,我们包括了一个额外的控制条件,参与者在其中写下已知的性别歧视事实。我们还包括性别歧视观念和参与集体行动的意愿的措施。反思他们过去性别歧视经历的影响的参与者报告了参与集体行动以应对未来性别歧视的最高意愿(相对于两种控制条件)。对于应对歧视的女性,这种干预可以帮助减轻歧视的有害后果,并激励人们支持与性别不平等作斗争。
更新日期:2020-07-08
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