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Getting the Baby on a Schedule: Dutch and American Mothers’ Ethnotheories and the Establishment of Diurnal Rhythms in Early Infancy
New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1002/cad.20336
Saskia D. M. Schaik 1 , Caroline Mavridis 2 , Sara Harkness 2 , Margaretha De Looze 1 , Marjolijn J. M. Blom 3 , Charles M. Super 3
Affiliation  

Abstract One of the earliest challenges for infants and their parents is developing a diurnal sleep–wake cycle. Although the human biological rhythm is circadian by nature, its development varies across cultures, based in part on “zeitgebers” (German: literally “time‐givers”) or environmental cues. This study uses the developmental niche framework by Super and Harkness to address two different approaches to getting the baby on a schedule. 33 Dutch and 41 U.S. mothers were interviewed when their babies were 2 and 6 months old. A mixed‐methods analysis including counts of themes and practices as well as the examination of actual quotes shows that Dutch mothers emphasized the importance of regularity in the baby's daily life and mentioned practices to establish regular schedules for the baby's sleeping, eating, and time outside more than American mothers did. The U.S. mothers, in contrast, discussed regularity less often and when they did, they emphasized that their baby should develop his or her own schedule. Furthermore, actual daily schedules, based on time allocation diaries kept by the mothers, revealed greater regularity among the Dutch babies. Discussion focuses on how culture shapes the development of diurnal rhythms, with implications for “best practices” for infant care.

中文翻译:

按计划安排婴儿:荷兰和美国母亲的民族理论和婴儿早期的昼夜节律的建立

摘要对婴儿及其父母来说,最早的挑战之一是建立一个昼夜睡眠-觉醒周期。尽管人类的生物节律本质上是昼夜节律的,但其发展因文化而异,部分取决于“时代精神”(德语:字面上的“时间给予者”)或环境暗示。这项研究使用了Super和Harkness的发展性利基框架来解决使婴儿按计划进行的两种不同方法。在他们的婴儿分别为2和6个月大时,采访了33位荷兰人和41位美国母亲。混合方法分析(包括主题和惯例计数以及对实际报价的检查)表明,荷兰母亲强调了规律性在婴儿日常生活中的重要性,并提到了为婴儿建立规律的睡眠,饮食,而且外面的时间比美国母亲多。相比之下,美国母亲较少讨论规律性,当他们这样做时,他们强调,婴儿应制定自己的时间表。此外,基于母亲保留的时间分配日记的实际每日时间表显示,荷兰婴儿的规律性更高。讨论的重点是文化如何塑造昼夜节律的发展,并影响婴儿护理的“最佳实践”。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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