Abstract Perceptual awareness depends upon the way in which we engage with our sensorium. This notion is central to active inference, a theoretical framework that treats perception and action as inferential processes. This variational perspective on cognition formalizes the notion of perception as hypothesis testing and treats actions as experiments that are designed (in part) to gather evidence for or against alternative hypotheses. The common treatment of perception and action affords a useful interpretation of certain perceptual phenomena whose active component is often not acknowledged. In this article, we start by considering Troxler fading – the dissipation of a peripheral percept during maintenance of fixation, and its recovery during free (saccadic) exploration. This offers an important example of the failure to maintain a percept without actively interrogating a visual scene. We argue that this may be understood in terms of the accumulation of uncertainty about a hypothesized stimulus when free exploration is disrupted by experimental instructions or pathology. Once we take this view, we can generalize the idea of using bodily (oculomotor) action to resolve uncertainty to include the use of mental (attentional) actions for the same purpose. This affords a useful way to think about binocular rivalry paradigms, in which perceptual changes need not be associated with an overt movement.

中文翻译：

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知觉意识和主动推理

摘要知觉意识取决于我们与感官互动的方式。这一概念是主动推理的核心，主动推理是将感知和行为视为推理过程的理论框架。这种关于认知的变化观点将感知的概念形式化为假设检验，并将动作作为实验进行了实验（旨在部分（旨在）收集针对或反对另类假设的证据）。对知觉和行动的共同对待提供了对某些感性现象的有用解释，这些感性现象的活动成分常常未被确认。在本文中，我们将首先考虑Troxler衰落-维持固定过程中外围感知的耗散，以及在自由（连续）探查过程中的恢复。这提供了在不主动审视视觉场景的情况下无法保持感知的重要示例。我们认为，当自由探索被实验指导或病理破坏时，关于假设刺激的不确定性的积累可能可以理解这一点。一旦采取了这种观点，我们就可以推广使用身体（动眼）动作来解决不确定性的想法，包括出于相同目的而使用精神（注意）动作的想法。这为思考双眼竞争范式提供了一种有用的方法，在该模式中，感知变化无需与明显的运动相关联。一旦采取了这种观点，我们就可以推广使用身体（动眼）动作来解决不确定性的想法，包括出于相同目的而使用精神（注意）动作的想法。这为思考双眼竞争范式提供了一种有用的方法，在该模式中，感知变化无需与明显的运动相关联。一旦采取了这种观点，我们就可以概括使用身体（动眼）动作来解决不确定性的想法，包括出于相同目的而使用精神（注意）动作的想法。这为思考双眼竞争范式提供了一种有用的方法，在该模式中，感知变化无需与明显的运动相关联。