Abstract For the materialist, the hard problem is fundamentally an explanatory problem. Solving it requires explaining why the relationship between brain and experience is the way it is and not some other way. We use the tools of the interventionist theory of explanation to show how a systematic experimental project could help move beyond the hard problem. Key to this project is the development of second-order interventions and invariant generalizations. Such interventions played a crucial scientific role in untangling other scientific mysteries, and we suggest that the same will be true of consciousness. We further suggest that the capacity for safe and reliable self-intervention will play a key role in overcoming both the hard and meta-problems of consciousness. Finally, we evaluate current strategies for intervention, with an eye to how they might be improved.

中文翻译：

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实验神经科学家如何解决意识上的难题

摘要对于唯物主义者而言，难题从根本上是一个解释性问题。解决它需要解释为什么大脑和经验之间的关系就是它的样子，而不是其他的原因。我们使用干预主义解释理论的工具来展示系统的实验项目如何帮助克服难题。该项目的关键是开发二阶干预和不变性概括。这样的干预在解开其他科学奥秘中起着至关重要的科学作用，我们建议意识也一样。我们进一步建议，安全可靠的自我干预能力将在克服意识的难题和元问题上发挥关键作用。最后，我们评估当前的干预策略，