The presented empirical study demonstrates that the predictive validity of Bass' “transformational-transactional” model of leadership can be enhanced by incorporating certain aspects of the older Ohio State “initiating structure-consideration” model of leadership. A precise, fine-grained video-based method shows that “initiating structure” behaviors (e.g., directing, informing, structuring) explained the variance in leader and team effectiveness better than “transactional behavior.” Thus, a refined version of Bass' augmentation thesis is supported: initiating structure behaviors (and not transactional behaviors, as originally posed) plus transformational leader behaviors are associated with high leader effectiveness. Another moderation effect of transformational leadership is established: between management-by-exception active and team effectiveness. The resulting expanded version of the transformational–transactional model calls for further video-based research of effective (team) leadership behaviors.

中文翻译：

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推进有效领导力的转换-交易模型：将两种经典的领导模型与基于视频的方法相结合

所提供的经验研究表明，通过结合旧俄亥俄州领导力“发起结构考虑”模型的某些方面，可以增强巴斯的“变革性交易”领导力模型的预测有效性。一种精确的，基于视频的细粒度方法显示，“发起结构”行为（例如，指导，告知，构建）比“交易行为”更好地解释了领导者和团队有效性的差异。因此，支持了Bass扩充论题的精炼版：启动结构行为（而不是最初提出的交易行为）加上变革型领导行为与高领导效率相关。建立了变革型领导的另一个适度作用：在异常管理的积极性与团队效率之间。转换交易模型的最终扩展版本要求对有效（团队）领导行为进行进一步的基于视频的研究。