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The Origin and Development of the Verbal Measure Word Mao
Journal of Chinese Linguistics ( IF 0.229 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 , DOI: 10.1353/jcl.2017.0073
Huayun Wang , Yaling Jing , Lixin Sun

摘要:"卯"由表时辰的名词演变为动量词的时间,文献中并无明确反映。这个动量词存在于两个相距甚远的方言区块:在杭州方言中常用,还虚化为时间名词后缀,并扩散到了北部吴语;在毗邻河南的中原官话、晋语中存在面较大,但使用受限。联系两地方言的时段是两宋之交,意味着该词至迟产生于北宋时期的南系官话,是由开封等地移民在南宋初带到杭州的。文献和方言用例则反映出其演变的轨迹。这个特征词印证了吕叔湘、罗杰瑞关于"南系官话"流变的某些看法。ABSTRACT:It is not reflected expressly in the literature when "卯" evolved from a noun expressing time into a verbal measure word. It exists in two districts far away from each other: first, it is commonly used in the Hangzhou dialect, where it has grammaticalized into a suffix of time noun and diffused to Northern Wu; second, it is more widely distributed in dialects of Central Plains Mandarin and Jin in the vicinity of Henan, but with a limited range of functions. The period connecting these two groups of dialects lies in the transitional period between the Northern Song dynasty and Southern Song dynasty, implying that the word emerged in Southern Mandarin during the Northern Song dynasty at the latest, and transferred by migrants from Kaifeng to Hangzhou in the early Southern Song dynasty. Its grammaticalization pathway is also reflected in texts and dialects. The character word "卯" corroborates the views of Shuxiang Lü and Jerry Norman on the evolution of Southern Mandarin.

中文翻译:

量词毛的由来与发展

摘要:“卯”表时辰的诞生为动量词的时间,文献中并没有说明。动量词出现在两个相距甚远的方言部分:由杭州方言中常,虚化为时间名后缀,并传播到了晋吴语;在河南的中原、语中存在官话,但使用了曾经的联系两地方言的两宋之交,该词至迟产生于北宋时期南的南系官话,是在南宋言初启杭州了的证。文学和方用则吕其公园的草图。特征词印湘、罗瑞杰是关于“南系话”流变的。摘要:“卯”从表示时间的名词演变为动词量词,在文献中并没有明文体现。它存在于相距很远的两个地区:一是杭州方言中常用,语法化为时间名词后缀,扩散到北吴;二是在河南一带的中原官话和晋语方言中分布较广,但功能范围有限。连接这两组方言的时期是北宋和南宋的过渡时期,暗示这个词最迟在北宋时期出现在南国普通话中,并在南宋初期由开封移民迁移到杭州。它的语法化途径也体现在文本和方言中。“卯”字印证了吕书香和诺曼对南方国语演变的看法。
更新日期:2020-01-01
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