The purpose of this paper is to evaluate six different graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for facilities operations using human–machine interaction (HMI) theories.,The authors used a combined multi-functional method that includes a review of the theories behind HMI for GUIs as its first approach. Consequently, heuristic evaluations were conducted to identify usability problems in a professional context. Ultimately, thematic interviews were conducted with property managers and service staff to determine special needs for the interaction of humans and the built environment.,The heuristic evaluation revealed that not all the studied applications were complete when the study was done. The significant non-motivational factor was slowness, and a lighter application means the GUI is more comfortable and faster to use. The evaluators recommended not using actions that deviate from regular practice. Proper implementation of the GUI would make it easier and quicker to work on property maintenance and management. The thematic interviews concluded that the GUIs form an excellent solution that enables communication between the occupant, owner and service provider. Indoor conditions monitoring was seen as the most compelling use case for GUIs. Two-dimensional (2D) layouts are more demonstrative and faster than three-dimensional (3D) layouts for monitoring purposes.,The study provides an objective view of the strengths and weaknesses of specific types of GUI. So, it can help to select a suitable GUI for a particular environment. The 3D view is not seen as necessary for monitoring indoor conditions room by room or sending a service request. Many occupants’ services can be implemented without any particular layout. On the other hand, some advanced services were desired for the occupants, such as monitoring occupancy, making space reservations and people tracking. These aspects require a 2D layout at least. The building information model is seen as useful, especially when monitoring complex technical systems.,Earlier investigations have primarily concentrated on investigating human–computer interaction. The authors’ studied human–building interaction instead. The notable difference to previous efforts is that the authors considered the GUI as a medium with which to communicate with the built environment, and looked at its benefits for top-level processes, not for the user interface itself.

中文翻译：

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评估建筑物的图形用户界面

本文的目的是使用人机交互（HMI）理论评估设施操作的六个不同图形用户界面（GUI）。作者使用了一种组合的多功能方法，其中包括对GUI的HMI背后的理论的回顾。作为其第一种方法。因此，进行了启发式评估，以识别专业环境中的可用性问题。最终，与物业经理和服务人员进行了主题访谈，以确定人与建筑环境之间互动的特殊需求。启发式评估表明，研究完成后，并不是所有研究的应用都是完整的。最重要的非激励因素是速度慢，较轻的应用程序意味着GUI更加舒适并且使用更快。评估人员建议不要使用偏离常规做法的动作。GUI的正确实施将使财产维护和管理工作更加轻松快捷。专题访谈得出的结论是，GUI构成了一种出色的解决方案，可以在占用者，所有者和服务提供商之间进行通信。室内条件监视被认为是GUI最引人注目的用例。出于监视目的，二维（2D）布局比三维（3D）布局更具示范性和更快性。该研究为特定类型的GUI的优缺点提供了客观的看法。因此，这有助于为特定环境选择合适的GUI。3D视图对于逐个房间监视室内条件或发送服务请求不是必需的。无需任何特殊布局即可实现许多乘员服务。另一方面，需要为乘员提供一些高级服务，例如监视乘员，进行空间预订和人员跟踪。这些方面至少需要2D布局。建筑信息模型被认为是有用的，尤其是在监视复杂的技术系统时。早期的研究主要集中在研究人机交互。作者研究的是人与建筑的相互作用。与以前的努力之间的显着区别是，作者将GUI视为与构建环境进行通信的媒介，并着眼于GUI对于顶级流程的好处，而不是对用户界面本身的好处。居住者需要一些高级服务，例如监视居住情况，进行空间预订和人员跟踪。这些方面至少需要2D布局。建筑信息模型被认为是有用的，尤其是在监视复杂的技术系统时。早期的研究主要集中在研究人机交互。作者研究的是人与建筑的相互作用。与以前的努力之间的显着区别是，作者将GUI视为与构建环境进行通信的媒介，并着眼于它对顶级流程的好处，而不是对用户界面本身的好处。居住者需要一些高级服务，例如监视居住情况，进行空间预订和人员跟踪。这些方面至少需要2D布局。建筑信息模型被认为是有用的，尤其是在监视复杂的技术系统时。早期的研究主要集中在研究人机交互。作者研究的是人与建筑的相互作用。与以前的努力之间的显着区别是，作者将GUI视为与构建环境进行通信的媒介，并着眼于GUI对于顶级流程的好处，而不是对用户界面本身的好处。特别是在监视复杂的技术系统时。早期的研究主要集中在研究人机交互。作者研究的是人与建筑的相互作用。与以前的努力之间的显着区别是，作者将GUI视为与构建环境进行通信的媒介，并着眼于GUI对于顶级流程的好处，而不是对用户界面本身的好处。特别是在监视复杂的技术系统时。早期的研究主要集中在研究人机交互。作者研究的是人与建筑的相互作用。与以前的努力之间的显着区别是，作者将GUI视为与构建环境进行通信的媒介，并着眼于GUI对于顶级流程的好处，而不是对用户界面本身的好处。